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List of peptide properties
DFBP ID - DFBPACEI1213(ACE-inhibitory peptide)
DFBP ID DFBPACEI1213
Peptide sequence YPYY
Type Native peptide
Peptide/Function name ACE-inhibitory peptide
Function-activity relationship
Main bioactivity ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity Antihypertensive activity [D1], Antioxidative activity [D2], DPP IV-inhibitory activity [D3], Opioid activity [D4], Multifunctional activity [D5]
Calculated physicochemical properties
Three-letter amino acid Tyr-Pro-Tyr-Tyr
Single-letter amino acid YPYY
Peptide length 4
Peptide mass
Experimental mass Theoretical mass
N.D 604.65 Da c
Net charge 0.00 c
Isoelectric point (pI) 5.83 c
IC50

90.9 uM

pIC50 -1.959
GRAVY -1.3750 c
Hydrophilic residue ratio 25% c
Peptide calculator
To calculate the physicochemical properties of bioactive peptide.
Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search
Classification Animal
Organism/Source Milk protein
Precursor protein κ-Casein
Residue position

f(58-61)

Precursor protein(s) search
Source.1: DFBPPR1068 ---- Plant proteins ---- E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase DIS1
Source.2: DFBPPR2330 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable staphylococcal-like nuclease CAN3
Source.3: DFBPPR2351 ---- Plant proteins ---- Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase 48 kDa subunit
Source.4: DFBPPR2528 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable staphylococcal-like nuclease CAN2
Source.5: DFBPPR7608 ---- Milk proteins ---- Kappa-casein
Source.6: DFBPPR7686 ---- Milk proteins ---- Kappa-casein
Source.7: DFBPPR7695 ---- Milk proteins ---- Kappa-casein
Source.8: DFBPPR7715 ---- Milk proteins ---- Kappa-casein
Source.9: DFBPPR8492 ---- Milk proteins ---- Kappa-casein
Source.10: DFBPPR16086 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
Source.11: DFBPPR16300 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase 48 kDa subunit
Source.12: DFBPPR16581 ---- Animal proteins ---- NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 5
Source.13: DFBPPR17095 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hyaluronidase-1
Source.14: DFBPPR18973 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transcriptional activator Myb
Source.15: DFBPPR20798 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase 48 kDa subunit
Source.16: DFBPPR21306 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein ATP1B4
Source.17: DFBPPR8538 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
Source.18: DFBPPR8745 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hyaluronidase-1
Source.19: DFBPPR9339 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase 48 kDa subunit
Source.20: DFBPPR9387 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein ATP1B4
Source.21: DFBPPR10119 ---- Animal proteins ---- Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule homolog
Source.22: DFBPPR10355 ---- Animal proteins ---- Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule-like protein 1 homolog
Source.23: DFBPPR10358 ---- Animal proteins ---- Very-long-chain (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase
Source.24: DFBPPR10687 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transcriptional activator Myb
Source.25: DFBPPR10752 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein ATP1B4
Source.26: DFBPPR10897 ---- Animal proteins ---- Doublesex- and mab-3-related transcription factor 1
Source.27: DFBPPR11078 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
Source.28: DFBPPR11612 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase 48 kDa subunit
Source.29: DFBPPR12562 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
Source.30: DFBPPR13549 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
Source.31: DFBPPR14863 ---- Marine protein ---- Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-233
Source.32: DFBPPR14868 ---- Marine protein ---- Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
Link-research
There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.
Biological/Functional activity & target protein
ACE-inhibitory activity

The peptide exhibited potent Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 90.9 uM, and its ACE inhibitory pattern was shown by Lineweaver–Burk plots to be a mixed-type inhibition pattern.

Specific target protein(s) Specific Target Protein(s):
Angiotensin-converting enzyme
Taste properties & Structure
Bitterness
Literature report N.D
Bitter prediction tools Bitter taste prediction
SMILES N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)O
Preparation method
Mode of preparation

Lactic acid fermentation and proteolysis

Enzyme(s)/starter culture

Two lactic acid bacteria (Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus) and a protease flavourzyme.

Stability & Cytotoxicity
Peptide stability
Literature report: N.D
EHP-Tool: Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)
Peptide cytotoxicity
Literature report: N.D
Prediction: ToxinPred
Additional information
Additional information

This fermented milk whey is expected to be a useful ingredient in physiologically functional foods for the prevention of hypertension.

Database cross-references
DFBP
[D1] DFBPANHY0564
[D2] DFBPANOX0680
[D3] DFBPDPIV0040
[D4] DFBPOPIO0015, DFBPOPIO0128
[D5] DFBPMUFU0253
BIOPEP-UWM [D6] 3218, 8615
APD [D7] -
BioPepDB [D8] -
MBPDB [D9] -
Reference(s)
Primary literature Tsai, J.-S., Chen, T.-J., Pan, B.S., Gong, S.-D., Chung, M.-Y. Antihypertensive effect of bioactive peptides produced by protease-facilitated lactic acid fermentation of milk. Food Chem. 2008, 106, 552-8.
Other literature(s) N.D
PubDate 2008
Copyright © 2020. Record / license number: Chongqing ICP No. 2000214