Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPACEI1736(ACE-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPACEI1736
Peptide sequence	WHP
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	ACE-inhibitory peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	N.D

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Trp-His-Pro

Single-letter amino acid

WHP

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	438.49 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

7.79 ^c

IC₅₀

4.8 uM

pIC₅₀

-0.681

GRAVY

-1.9000^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

66.67%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Plant
Organism/Source	Soybean
Precursor protein	Soya milk
Residue position	N.D
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR1000 ---- Plant proteins ---- Flowering time control protein FCA Source.2: DFBPPR1019 ---- Plant proteins ---- Respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein B Source.3: DFBPPR1248 ---- Plant proteins ---- Glycosyltransferase BC10 Source.4: DFBPPR1345 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cadmium/zinc-transporting ATPase HMA2 Source.5: DFBPPR1499 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein kinase and PP2C-like domain-containing protein Source.6: DFBPPR1616 ---- Plant proteins ---- Anthranilate synthase alpha subunit 2, chloroplastic Source.7: DFBPPR1660 ---- Plant proteins ---- Magnesium-chelatase subunit ChlH, chloroplastic Source.8: DFBPPR1965 ---- Plant proteins ---- DNA polymerase I B, mitochondrial Source.9: DFBPPR2077 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 8C Source.10: DFBPPR2288 ---- Plant proteins ---- DnaJ protein P58IPK homolog B Source.11: DFBPPR2516 ---- Plant proteins ---- Expansin-B16 Source.12: DFBPPR2585 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 8B Source.13: DFBPPR2717 ---- Plant proteins ---- DnaJ protein P58IPK homolog A Source.14: DFBPPR2806 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ferrochelatase-2, chloroplastic Source.15: DFBPPR3073 ---- Plant proteins ---- Kinesin-like protein KIN-7H Source.16: DFBPPR3267 ---- Plant proteins ---- CDP-diacylglycerol--serine O-phosphatidyltransferase 3 Source.17: DFBPPR3505 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribosome biogenesis protein WDR12 homolog Source.18: DFBPPR3652 ---- Plant proteins ---- Nucleosome assembly protein 1;3 Source.19: DFBPPR3662 ---- Plant proteins ---- 60S ribosomal protein L3 Source.20: DFBPPR4219 ---- Plant proteins ---- Aquaporin NIP3-2 Source.21: DFBPPR4291 ---- Plant proteins ---- Serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform Source.22: DFBPPR4294 ---- Plant proteins ---- Nucleosome assembly protein 1-like 4 Source.23: DFBPPR4332 ---- Plant proteins ---- Serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B alpha isoform Source.24: DFBPPR4489 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein NLP1 Source.25: DFBPPR4631 ---- Plant proteins ---- B3 domain-containing protein Os03g0620500 Source.26: DFBPPR4857 ---- Plant proteins ---- B3 domain-containing protein Os03g0619600 Source.27: DFBPPR4929 ---- Plant proteins ---- DNA polymerase I A, chloroplastic Source.28: DFBPPR4971 ---- Plant proteins ---- Purple acid phosphatase Source.29: DFBPPR5228 ---- Plant proteins ---- Omega-3 fatty acid desaturase, chloroplastic Source.30: DFBPPR5245 ---- Plant proteins ---- Omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, chloroplastic Source.31: DFBPPR5256 ---- Plant proteins ---- Early nodulin-70 Source.32: DFBPPR6790 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 7 Source.33: DFBPPR7498 ---- Plant proteins ---- Omega-3 fatty acid desaturase, chloroplastic Source.34: DFBPPR7633 ---- Milk proteins ---- Chordin-like protein 2 Source.35: DFBPPR8432 ---- Plant proteins ---- Omega-3 fatty acid desaturase, chloroplastic Source.36: DFBPPR15957 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 Source.37: DFBPPR16054 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hepatocyte growth factor receptor Source.38: DFBPPR16147 ---- Animal proteins ---- Telomerase reverse transcriptase Source.39: DFBPPR16172 ---- Animal proteins ---- Translocator protein 2 Source.40: DFBPPR16472 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase 4 Source.41: DFBPPR16694 ---- Animal proteins ---- Angio-associated migratory cell protein Source.42: DFBPPR16721 ---- Animal proteins ---- Testin Source.43: DFBPPR16968 ---- Animal proteins ---- Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta Source.44: DFBPPR16986 ---- Animal proteins ---- Aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase Source.45: DFBPPR17051 ---- Animal proteins ---- Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 Source.46: DFBPPR17078 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 Source.47: DFBPPR17108 ---- Animal proteins ---- Coronin-1A Source.48: DFBPPR17131 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hepatocyte growth factor receptor Source.49: DFBPPR17137 ---- Animal proteins ---- Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 Source.50: DFBPPR17165 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cytochrome b-245 heavy chain Source.51: DFBPPR17331 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase Source.52: DFBPPR17511 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 Source.53: DFBPPR17521 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transforming growth factor beta-1-induced transcript 1 protein Source.54: DFBPPR17737 ---- Animal proteins ---- Inactive serine/threonine-protein kinase TEX14 Source.55: DFBPPR18040 ---- Animal proteins ---- Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F Source.56: DFBPPR18060 ---- Animal proteins ---- 2',5'-phosphodiesterase 12 Source.57: DFBPPR18063 ---- Animal proteins ---- Microtubule-associated protein 1S Source.58: DFBPPR18233 ---- Animal proteins ---- Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase alkB homolog 3 Source.59: DFBPPR18248 ---- Animal proteins ---- DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 3 Source.60: DFBPPR18368 ---- Animal proteins ---- E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIP12 Source.61: DFBPPR18483 ---- Animal proteins ---- DNA damage-binding protein 2 Source.62: DFBPPR18742 ---- Animal proteins ---- Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II Source.63: DFBPPR18749 ---- Animal proteins ---- Short transient receptor potential channel 4 Source.64: DFBPPR18765 ---- Animal proteins ---- Methylosome protein 50 Source.65: DFBPPR18840 ---- Animal proteins ---- NEDD8-conjugating enzyme UBE2F Source.66: DFBPPR19073 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 21 Source.67: DFBPPR19199 ---- Animal proteins ---- Integrin alpha-5 Source.68: DFBPPR19201 ---- Animal proteins ---- 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase, mitochondrial Source.69: DFBPPR19416 ---- Animal proteins ---- Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase Source.70: DFBPPR19447 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cytochrome b561 domain-containing protein 2 Source.71: DFBPPR19449 ---- Animal proteins ---- SCO-spondin Source.72: DFBPPR19517 ---- Animal proteins ---- Nucleoredoxin Source.73: DFBPPR19628 ---- Animal proteins ---- Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 Source.74: DFBPPR19655 ---- Animal proteins ---- GPI-anchor transamidase Source.75: DFBPPR19687 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cytochrome b ascorbate-dependent protein 3 Source.76: DFBPPR19738 ---- Animal proteins ---- Translocator protein Source.77: DFBPPR19825 ---- Animal proteins ---- DNA excision repair protein ERCC-6-like 2 Source.78: DFBPPR19954 ---- Animal proteins ---- Glutamate-rich WD repeat-containing protein 1 Source.79: DFBPPR20033 ---- Animal proteins ---- NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 Source.80: DFBPPR20052 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pleiotropic regulator 1 Source.81: DFBPPR20153 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform Source.82: DFBPPR20160 ---- Animal proteins ---- Angio-associated migratory cell protein Source.83: DFBPPR20182 ---- Animal proteins ---- DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 6 Source.84: DFBPPR20211 ---- Animal proteins ---- Actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B Source.85: DFBPPR20334 ---- Animal proteins ---- Tuftelin-interacting protein 11 Source.86: DFBPPR20408 ---- Animal proteins ---- Phospholipid scramblase 2 Source.87: DFBPPR20554 ---- Animal proteins ---- U4/U6 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein Prp4 Source.88: DFBPPR20610 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cleft lip and palate transmembrane protein 1 homolog Source.89: DFBPPR20671 ---- Animal proteins ---- 39S ribosomal protein L27, mitochondrial Source.90: DFBPPR20719 ---- Animal proteins ---- DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 21 Source.91: DFBPPR20806 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transcriptional adapter 1 Source.92: DFBPPR20817 ---- Animal proteins ---- 60S ribosomal protein L3 Source.93: DFBPPR20863 ---- Animal proteins ---- LIM and senescent cell antigen-like-containing domain protein 2 Source.94: DFBPPR20905 ---- Animal proteins ---- THO complex subunit 3 Source.95: DFBPPR21164 ---- Animal proteins ---- Probable cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly protein CIAO1 Source.96: DFBPPR21183 ---- Animal proteins ---- LIM and cysteine-rich domains protein 1 Source.97: DFBPPR21272 ---- Animal proteins ---- Testin Source.98: DFBPPR21436 ---- Animal proteins ---- Actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1A Source.99: DFBPPR21550 ---- Animal proteins ---- DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 22 Source.100: DFBPPR21572 ---- Animal proteins ---- 39S ribosomal protein L43, mitochondrial Source.101: DFBPPR21602 ---- Animal proteins ---- Aspartate beta-hydroxylase domain-containing protein 1 Source.102: DFBPPR21634 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase domain-containing protein 1 Source.103: DFBPPR21673 ---- Animal proteins ---- U3 small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein protein IMP4 Source.104: DFBPPR21714 ---- Animal proteins ---- tRNA (guanine(10)-N2)-methyltransferase homolog Source.105: DFBPPR21725 ---- Animal proteins ---- TBCC domain-containing protein 1 Source.106: DFBPPR21933 ---- Animal proteins ---- DDB1- and CUL4-associated factor 11 Source.107: DFBPPR21940 ---- Animal proteins ---- G patch domain-containing protein 1 Source.108: DFBPPR22236 ---- Animal proteins ---- Coronin-2A Source.109: DFBPPR22326 ---- Animal proteins ---- WD repeat-containing protein 70 Source.110: DFBPPR22373 ---- Animal proteins ---- 60S ribosomal protein L3-like Source.111: DFBPPR22417 ---- Animal proteins ---- Spermatogenesis-associated protein 46 Source.112: DFBPPR22499 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transmembrane protein 183 Source.113: DFBPPR22570 ---- Animal proteins ---- Outer dense fiber protein 3-like protein 1 Source.114: DFBPPR8609 ---- Animal proteins ---- Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 Source.115: DFBPPR8621 ---- Animal proteins ---- Amyloid-beta A4 protein Source.116: DFBPPR8740 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hepatocyte growth factor receptor Source.117: DFBPPR8769 ---- Animal proteins ---- GPI-anchor transamidase Source.118: DFBPPR8817 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cytochrome b-245 heavy chain Source.119: DFBPPR8981 ---- Animal proteins ---- Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 protein Source.120: DFBPPR8984 ---- Animal proteins ---- V(D)J recombination-activating protein 1 Source.121: DFBPPR9053 ---- Animal proteins ---- E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF19A Source.122: DFBPPR9299 ---- Animal proteins ---- Tuftelin-interacting protein 11 Source.123: DFBPPR9436 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform Source.124: DFBPPR9437 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform Source.125: DFBPPR9575 ---- Animal proteins ---- Regulatory solute carrier protein family 1 member 1 Source.126: DFBPPR9670 ---- Animal proteins ---- NF-kappa-B inhibitor-like protein 1 Source.127: DFBPPR9693 ---- Animal proteins ---- LIM and cysteine-rich domains protein 1 Source.128: DFBPPR9725 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B alpha isoform Source.129: DFBPPR9784 ---- Animal proteins ---- Translocator protein Source.130: DFBPPR9803 ---- Animal proteins ---- 60S ribosomal protein L3 Source.131: DFBPPR9814 ---- Animal proteins ---- Testin Source.132: DFBPPR9927 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein BTG3 Source.133: DFBPPR10056 ---- Animal proteins ---- Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 Source.134: DFBPPR10099 ---- Animal proteins ---- Bcl-2-like protein 1 Source.135: DFBPPR10220 ---- Animal proteins ---- Paxillin Source.136: DFBPPR10278 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 Source.137: DFBPPR10397 ---- Animal proteins ---- Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor TYRO3 Source.138: DFBPPR10459 ---- Animal proteins ---- Reelin Source.139: DFBPPR10635 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dual serine/threonine and tyrosine protein kinase Source.140: DFBPPR10749 ---- Animal proteins ---- DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 6 Source.141: DFBPPR10955 ---- Animal proteins ---- DNA damage-binding protein 2 Source.142: DFBPPR11014 ---- Animal proteins ---- NEDD8-conjugating enzyme UBE2F Source.143: DFBPPR11038 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cytosolic endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase Source.144: DFBPPR11081 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2 Source.145: DFBPPR11157 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein transport protein Sec31A Source.146: DFBPPR11390 ---- Animal proteins ---- Tuftelin-interacting protein 11 Source.147: DFBPPR11443 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B delta isoform Source.148: DFBPPR11486 ---- Animal proteins ---- Chordin-like protein 1 Source.149: DFBPPR11531 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein AATF Source.150: DFBPPR11586 ---- Animal proteins ---- DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 3 Source.151: DFBPPR11794 ---- Animal proteins ---- Nuclear protein MDM1 Source.152: DFBPPR11921 ---- Animal proteins ---- GATOR complex protein WDR59 Source.153: DFBPPR12051 ---- Animal proteins ---- GATOR complex protein WDR24 Source.154: DFBPPR12065 ---- Animal proteins ---- Testin Source.155: DFBPPR12090 ---- Animal proteins ---- DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 16 Source.156: DFBPPR12224 ---- Animal proteins ---- WD repeat and coiled-coil-containing protein Source.157: DFBPPR12329 ---- Animal proteins ---- Natriuretic peptides A Source.158: DFBPPR12341 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 Source.159: DFBPPR12423 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hepatocyte growth factor receptor Source.160: DFBPPR12446 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 Source.161: DFBPPR12494 ---- Animal proteins ---- V(D)J recombination-activating protein 1 Source.162: DFBPPR12769 ---- Animal proteins ---- Short transient receptor potential channel 5 Source.163: DFBPPR12847 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform Source.164: DFBPPR12856 ---- Animal proteins ---- Leupaxin Source.165: DFBPPR12928 ---- Animal proteins ---- Regulatory solute carrier protein family 1 member 1 Source.166: DFBPPR12941 ---- Animal proteins ---- Tuftelin-interacting protein 11 Source.167: DFBPPR12945 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B alpha isoform Source.168: DFBPPR12962 ---- Animal proteins ---- Coronin-1B Source.169: DFBPPR13019 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B gamma isoform Source.170: DFBPPR13092 ---- Animal proteins ---- Testin Source.171: DFBPPR13160 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 Source.172: DFBPPR13171 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hepatocyte growth factor receptor Source.173: DFBPPR13409 ---- Animal proteins ---- Testin Source.174: DFBPPR13532 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 Source.175: DFBPPR13558 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 Source.176: DFBPPR13585 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hepatocyte growth factor receptor Source.177: DFBPPR13826 ---- Animal proteins ---- Translocator protein Source.178: DFBPPR13918 ---- Animal proteins ---- Testin Source.179: DFBPPR14006 ---- Animal proteins ---- Acyl-CoA desaturase Source.180: DFBPPR14201 ---- Marine protein ---- Probable cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly protein ciao1-B Source.181: DFBPPR14203 ---- Marine protein ---- Probable cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly protein ciao1-A Source.182: DFBPPR14953 ---- Microorganism protein ---- DNA ligase 4 Source.183: DFBPPR14968 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Small COPII coat GTPase SAR1 Source.184: DFBPPR15255 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Ribosome biogenesis protein ERB1 Source.185: DFBPPR15351 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Protein transport protein SEC31 Source.186: DFBPPR15471 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Polynucleotide 5'-hydroxyl-kinase GRC3 Source.187: DFBPPR15487 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Restriction of telomere capping protein 1 Source.188: DFBPPR15597 ---- Microorganism protein ---- DNA damage-binding protein CMR1 Source.189: DFBPPR15686 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Polyadenylation factor subunit 2 Source.190: DFBPPR15691 ---- Microorganism protein ---- 60S ribosomal protein L3 Source.191: DFBPPR15836 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Ubiquinol oxidase subunit 1 Source.192: DFBPPR15862 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Cellulose-growth-specific protein Source.193: DFBPPR7787 ---- Plant protein ---- Fatty acid desaturase DES3 Source.194: DFBPPR7855 ---- Plant protein ---- Probable fatty acid desaturase DES1 Source.195: DFBPPR8221 ---- Plant protein ---- sn-2 acyl-lipid omega-3 desaturase (ferredoxin), chloroplastic
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

ACE-inhibitory activity	The peptide exhibited strong Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 4.8 uM.
Specific target protein(s)	Specific Target Protein(s): Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(CC(=CN2)C1=C2C=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC1=CN=C-N1)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	Plain soya milk was incubated with PROTIN SD-NY10 (0.1% w/v) for 16 h at 50 ℃. End-type neutral protease, PROTIN SD-NY10 was from Bacillus amylobiquefaciens.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

In contrast to other enzymatically digested food products, processed soya milk (PSM) does not have a bitter taste, and combined with its strong ACE inhibitory activity, it is a highly attractive candidate for antihypertensive food/food supplement development.

Database cross-references

[D1]

[D2]

[D3]

[D4]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Tomatsu M, Shimakage A, Shinbo M, Yamada S, Takahashi S. Novel angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides derived from soya milk. Food Chem. 2013 Jan 15;136(2):612-6. PMID: 23122104 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.08.080
Other literature(s)	N.D
PubDate	2013