Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPAMIC0127(Antimicrobial peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPAMIC0127
Peptide sequence	GLLDTLKGAAKNVVGSLASKVMEKL
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	Antimicrobial peptide, Pentadactylin

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	Antimicrobial activity
Otheir bioactivity	Anticancer activity ^[D1], Multifunctional activity ^[D2]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Gly-Leu-Leu-Asp-Thr-Leu-Lys-Gly-Ala-Ala-Lys-Asn-Val-Val-Gly-Ser-Leu-Ala-Ser-Lys-Val-Met-Glu-Lys-Leu

Single-letter amino acid

GLLDTLKGAAKNVVGSLASKVMEKL

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
2540.50 Da	2543.03 Da ^c

Net charge

Isoelectric point (pI)

10.16 ^c

IC₅₀

N.D

pIC₅₀

N.D

GRAVY

0.3720^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

60%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Animal
Organism/Source	South American bullfrog (Leptodactylus pentadactylus)
Precursor protein	The skin secretions of the bullfrog
Residue position	N.D
Precursor protein(s) search	No matching precursor protein found
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

Antimicrobial activity

(1) anti-Gram+ & Gram-;
(2) Pentadactylin inhibited the growth of reference strains of both Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus group B) but potencies were relatively low (MIC values in the range 25–200 AM).

Table 1. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (uM) and hemolytic activities (uM) of eynthetic replicates of pentadactylin isolated from L. pentadactylus skin secretions
Reference strain	MIC
Escherichia coli ATCC 25922	25
Klebsiella pneumoniae KK3 9904	100
Enterobacter cloacae HNTCC 53001	50
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853	100
Proteus mirabilis ATCC 25933	> 200
Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 8325	200
Staphylococcus epidermidis RP62A	100
Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212	200
Streptococcus Group B HNTCC 80130	50
Candida albicans ATCC 90028	> 200
LD50 erythrocytes	> 400 (29)
The value in parenthesis represents the % hemolysis at 400 uM.

Specific target protein(s)

N.D

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Non-bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

NCC(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])([C@]([H])(O)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CO)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CO)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Extract without enzyme
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	No enzyme

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	The hemolytic activity of the peptide against human erythrocytes (LD50 value) is also shown in Table 1.
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

N.D

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPANCA0038
[D2]	DFBPMUFU0701

[D3]

[D4]

[D5]

[D6]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	King JD, Al-Ghaferi N, Abraham B, Sonnevend A, Leprince J, Nielsen PF, Conlon JM. Pentadactylin: an antimicrobial peptide from the skin secretions of the South American bullfrog Leptodactylus pentadactylus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2005 Aug;141(4):393-7. PMID: 16236555 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2005.09.002
Other literature(s)	[1] Wang L, Dong C, Li X, et al. Anticancer potential of bioactive peptides from animal sources (Review)[J]. Oncology Reports, 2017, 38(2).
PubDate	2005