Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPANCA0001(Anticancer peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPANCA0001
Peptide sequence	INKKI
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	Anticancer peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	Anticancer activity
Otheir bioactivity	N.D

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Ile-Asn-Lys-Lys-Ile

Single-letter amino acid

INKKI

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	614.78 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

10.59 ^c

IC₅₀

N.D

pIC₅₀

N.D

GRAVY

-0.4600^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

40%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Animal
Organism/Source	Bovine Milk
Precursor protein	β-Casein
Residue position	f(41-45)
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR1420 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein HEADING DATE 3B Source.2: DFBPPR7692 ---- Milk proteins ---- Beta-casein Source.3: DFBPPR7700 ---- Milk proteins ---- Beta-casein Source.4: DFBPPR7718 ---- Milk proteins ---- Beta-casein Source.5: DFBPPR8489 ---- Milk proteins ---- Beta-casein Source.6: DFBPPR17805 ---- Animal proteins ---- SNW domain-containing protein 1 Source.7: DFBPPR17953 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk1 Source.8: DFBPPR20817 ---- Animal proteins ---- 60S ribosomal protein L3 Source.9: DFBPPR9803 ---- Animal proteins ---- 60S ribosomal protein L3 Source.10: DFBPPR10875 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk1 Source.11: DFBPPR11431 ---- Animal proteins ---- Putative glycerol kinase 5 Source.12: DFBPPR12461 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk1
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

Anticancer activity

The peptide INKKI showed antitumor activity on melanoma model, it induced dose-response cytotoxicity selective for B16F10 melanoma cells (IC₅₀ 1.7 μM) and did not present cytotoxic effects for FN1 fibroblast cells. INKKI-induced apoptosis detected trough of annexin V/PI assay and it was accompanied with an increase of sub-G1 apoptotic fractions and significant increase of caspase-3 cleavage. The tumor-bearing mice treated with INKKI showed a significant reduction in tumor volume of 72.62% and decreased of metastasis number loci. In addition, INKKI caused a significant delay in tumor growth and prolonged the tumor doubling time. Histological analysis revealed an increased of necrosis areas and reduction of tumor cells in tumor treated with INKKI, it was a many hallmark of its antitumor effects observed from in vivo experiments.

Specific target protein(s)

N.D

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])([C@]([H])(CC)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])([C@]([H])(CC)C)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	Hydrolysis with trypsin.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	Non-Toxin
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

The peptide was a cationic peptide.

Database cross-references

[D1]

[D2]

[D3]

[D4]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Azevedo, A. Antitumor Effect of Cationic INKKI Peptide from Bovine β -Casein on Melanoma B16F10. Journal of Cancer Therapy. 2012, 03, 237-44. DOI: 10.4236/jct.2012.34034
Other literature(s)	[1] Chalamaiah M, Yu W, Wu J. Immunomodulatory and anticancer protein hydrolysates (peptides) from food proteins: A review.[J]. Food Chemistry, 2018, 245:205-222.
PubDate	2012