Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPANHY0010(Antihypertensive peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPANHY0010
Peptide sequence	RYLG
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	Antihypertensive peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	Antihypertensive activity
Otheir bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity ^[D1], Antioxidative activity ^[D2], Multifunctional activity ^[D3]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Arg-Tyr-Leu-Gly

Single-letter amino acid

RYLG

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	507.58 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

9.82 ^c

IC₅₀

N.D

pIC₅₀

N.D

GRAVY

-0.6000^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

50%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Animal
Organism/Source	Milk protein
Precursor protein	α_s1-Casein
Residue position	f(90-93)
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR0937 ---- Plant proteins ---- Glutamate synthase 1 [NADH], chloroplastic Source.2: DFBPPR1400 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cellulose synthase-like protein D4 Source.3: DFBPPR1594 ---- Plant proteins ---- Disease resistance protein Pik-1 Source.4: DFBPPR1753 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein TPR3 Source.5: DFBPPR2207 ---- Plant proteins ---- Mitogen-activated protein kinase 16 Source.6: DFBPPR2333 ---- Plant proteins ---- Bifunctional nitrilase/nitrile hydratase NIT4 Source.7: DFBPPR2441 ---- Plant proteins ---- Disease resistance protein Pikm1-TS Source.8: DFBPPR2822 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable isoprenylcysteine alpha-carbonyl methylesterase ICMEL1 Source.9: DFBPPR2909 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable isoprenylcysteine alpha-carbonyl methylesterase ICME Source.10: DFBPPR3000 ---- Plant proteins ---- Kinesin-like protein KIN-14L Source.11: DFBPPR3247 ---- Plant proteins ---- Glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase subunit B, chloroplastic/mitochondrial Source.12: DFBPPR3735 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-galactosidase 8 Source.13: DFBPPR4214 ---- Plant proteins ---- Disease resistance protein Piks-1 Source.14: DFBPPR4403 ---- Plant proteins ---- 30S ribosomal protein S2, chloroplastic Source.15: DFBPPR4799 ---- Plant proteins ---- B3 domain-containing protein Os03g0622100 Source.16: DFBPPR4937 ---- Plant proteins ---- Glutamate synthase 2 [NADH], chloroplastic Source.17: DFBPPR6116 ---- Plant proteins ---- 30S ribosomal protein S2, chloroplastic Source.18: DFBPPR6974 ---- Plant proteins ---- 30S ribosomal protein S2, chloroplastic Source.19: DFBPPR7325 ---- Plant proteins ---- 30S ribosomal protein S2, chloroplastic Source.20: DFBPPR7500 ---- Plant proteins ---- L-ascorbate oxidase homolog Source.21: DFBPPR7688 ---- Milk proteins ---- Alpha-S1-casein Source.22: DFBPPR7694 ---- Milk proteins ---- Alpha-S1-casein Source.23: DFBPPR7717 ---- Milk proteins ---- Alpha-S1-casein Source.24: DFBPPR8387 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cationic peroxidase 2 Source.25: DFBPPR8488 ---- Milk proteins ---- Alpha-S1-casein Source.26: DFBPPR16187 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dual serine/threonine and tyrosine protein kinase Source.27: DFBPPR16833 ---- Animal proteins ---- Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase Source.28: DFBPPR16845 ---- Animal proteins ---- Glutamate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial Source.29: DFBPPR17363 ---- Animal proteins ---- Putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin Source.30: DFBPPR17622 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif-like protein Source.31: DFBPPR17895 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sphingolipid delta(4)-desaturase DES1 Source.32: DFBPPR17930 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dual serine/threonine and tyrosine protein kinase Source.33: DFBPPR18116 ---- Animal proteins ---- Carbonic anhydrase 4 Source.34: DFBPPR18143 ---- Animal proteins ---- NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 Source.35: DFBPPR18614 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-enolase Source.36: DFBPPR18629 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sphingolipid delta(4)-desaturase/C4-monooxygenase DES2 Source.37: DFBPPR18641 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cadherin-5 Source.38: DFBPPR18847 ---- Animal proteins ---- Heme oxygenase 1 Source.39: DFBPPR18872 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-like protein 6 Source.40: DFBPPR18925 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neurochondrin Source.41: DFBPPR19100 ---- Animal proteins ---- Interleukin-34 Source.42: DFBPPR19135 ---- Animal proteins ---- Palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC5 Source.43: DFBPPR19244 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cell division cycle protein 23 homolog Source.44: DFBPPR19513 ---- Animal proteins ---- Homeobox protein EMX2 Source.45: DFBPPR19862 ---- Animal proteins ---- Splicing factor 3B subunit 3 Source.46: DFBPPR20070 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dual specificity protein phosphatase 26 Source.47: DFBPPR21329 ---- Animal proteins ---- L-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial Source.48: DFBPPR21693 ---- Animal proteins ---- Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 18 Source.49: DFBPPR21985 ---- Animal proteins ---- Leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 14 Source.50: DFBPPR22351 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transmembrane protein 168 Source.51: DFBPPR8539 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pancreatic alpha-amylase Source.52: DFBPPR8550 ---- Animal proteins ---- Complement C3 Source.53: DFBPPR8551 ---- Animal proteins ---- Aminopeptidase N Source.54: DFBPPR9207 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-enolase Source.55: DFBPPR9545 ---- Animal proteins ---- Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic Source.56: DFBPPR10140 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sphingolipid delta(4)-desaturase DES1 Source.57: DFBPPR10185 ---- Animal proteins ---- Unconventional myosin-Ia Source.58: DFBPPR10607 ---- Animal proteins ---- Collagen alpha-2(VI) chain Source.59: DFBPPR10789 ---- Animal proteins ---- Alpha-enolase Source.60: DFBPPR10809 ---- Animal proteins ---- Lysine-specific demethylase 3A Source.61: DFBPPR11003 ---- Animal proteins ---- Acetylcholine receptor subunit gamma Source.62: DFBPPR11334 ---- Animal proteins ---- Heme oxygenase 1 Source.63: DFBPPR11492 ---- Animal proteins ---- Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 10 Source.64: DFBPPR12425 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-enolase Source.65: DFBPPR12802 ---- Animal proteins ---- Complement C3 alpha chain Source.66: DFBPPR13094 ---- Animal proteins ---- Atherin Source.67: DFBPPR13596 ---- Animal proteins ---- Toll-like receptor 2 Source.68: DFBPPR14081 ---- Marine protein ---- Beta-enolase Source.69: DFBPPR14138 ---- Marine protein ---- F-box/LRR-repeat protein 5 Source.70: DFBPPR14400 ---- Marine protein ---- Heme oxygenase Source.71: DFBPPR15368 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Clustered mitochondria protein homolog Source.72: DFBPPR15653 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Conserved oligomeric Golgi complex subunit 6 Source.73: DFBPPR7828 ---- Plant protein ---- Glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase subunit B, chloroplastic/mitochondrial Source.74: DFBPPR7915 ---- Plant protein ---- 30S ribosomal protein S2, chloroplastic Source.75: DFBPPR8037 ---- Plant protein ---- Arcelin-1 Source.76: DFBPPR8114 ---- Plant protein ---- Arcelin-2
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

Antihypertensive activity

(1) The peptide RYLG showed potent antihypertensive effect and reverted 24 h after administration, as shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Effects of ACE Inhibitory Peptides on SBP of SHR
Sample	Dose (mg/kg)	Time after administration (hr), SBP (mmHg)
Sample	Dose (mg/kg)	2	4	6	8	24
RYLG	5.0	-11.0 *	-11.0	-18.2 ± 5 *	-15.0 *	0.0
zofenopril	5.0	-31.0 *	-31.5 *	-27.5 *	-26.5 *	-5.0
Paired Student’s t test was used to compare different times post-administration with the corresponding basal pressure values (n = 6, * p < 0.05).

Specific target protein(s)

N.D

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	The peptide was obtained from the peptide RYLGY after the action of digestive enzymes including pepsin A (E.C. 3.4.23.1) and Corolase PP.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	Peptide RYLG has resistant to gastrointestinal digestion enzymes including pepsin A (E.C. 3.4.23.1) and Corolase PP.
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	Non-Toxin
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

N.D

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPACEI0892
[D2]	DFBPANOX0671
[D3]	DFBPMUFU0190

[D4]

[D5]

[D6]

[D7]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Contreras, M.d.M., Sanchez, D., Sevilla, M.Á., Recio, I., Amigo, L. Resistance of casein-derived bioactive peptides to simulated gastrointestinal digestion. International Dairy Journal. 2013, 32, 71-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2013.05.008
Other literature(s)	[1] Sánchez-Rivera, L., et al., Peptide fragments from β-casein f(134–138), HLPLP, generated by the action of rat blood plasma peptidases show potent antihypertensive activity. Food Research International, 2016. 88: p. 348-353.
PubDate	2013