Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPANOX0017(Antioxidative peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPANOX0017
Peptide sequence	PLHH
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	Antioxidative peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	Antioxidative activity
Otheir bioactivity	N.D

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Pro-Leu-His-His

Single-letter amino acid

PLHH

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	502.57 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

7.95 ^c

IC₅₀

N.D

pIC₅₀

N.D

GRAVY

-1.0500^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

50%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Designed peptide
Organism/Source	Designed peptide
Precursor protein	Designed peptide based on the antioxidative peptide: LLPHH
Residue position	N.D
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR1018 ---- Plant proteins ---- Disease resistance protein RGA5 Source.2: DFBPPR1808 ---- Plant proteins ---- Flap endonuclease GEN-like 2 Source.3: DFBPPR1979 ---- Plant proteins ---- Quinolinate synthase, chloroplastic Source.4: DFBPPR2983 ---- Plant proteins ---- Homeobox-leucine zipper protein HOX23 Source.5: DFBPPR3302 ---- Plant proteins ---- Expansin-A21 Source.6: DFBPPR3673 ---- Plant proteins ---- Zinc-finger homeodomain protein 3 Source.7: DFBPPR3723 ---- Plant proteins ---- Inactive protein FON2 SPARE1 Source.8: DFBPPR3985 ---- Plant proteins ---- 4-coumarate--CoA ligase-like 2 Source.9: DFBPPR4007 ---- Plant proteins ---- Zinc-finger homeodomain protein 7 Source.10: DFBPPR4186 ---- Plant proteins ---- Formin-like protein 18 Source.11: DFBPPR4318 ---- Plant proteins ---- Golgin-84 Source.12: DFBPPR4791 ---- Plant proteins ---- B3 domain-containing protein Os02g0683500 Source.13: DFBPPR5319 ---- Plant proteins ---- Nodulin-22 Source.14: DFBPPR15992 ---- Animal proteins ---- Phospholemman Source.15: DFBPPR16029 ---- Animal proteins ---- Nitric oxide synthase, inducible Source.16: DFBPPR16187 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dual serine/threonine and tyrosine protein kinase Source.17: DFBPPR17738 ---- Animal proteins ---- Nitric oxide synthase, inducible Source.18: DFBPPR17984 ---- Animal proteins ---- Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta Source.19: DFBPPR18117 ---- Animal proteins ---- Matrix metalloproteinase-23 Source.20: DFBPPR18964 ---- Animal proteins ---- Placental prolactin-related protein 1 Source.21: DFBPPR19352 ---- Animal proteins ---- DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit GRINL1A Source.22: DFBPPR19831 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 3 Source.23: DFBPPR19932 ---- Animal proteins ---- ETS translocation variant 1 Source.24: DFBPPR20219 ---- Animal proteins ---- Arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 Source.25: DFBPPR20275 ---- Animal proteins ---- Malonate--CoA ligase ACSF3, mitochondrial Source.26: DFBPPR20599 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 1 Source.27: DFBPPR22634 ---- Animal proteins ---- Testis-expressed protein 30 Source.28: DFBPPR22648 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 65 Source.29: DFBPPR8645 ---- Animal proteins ---- NT-3 growth factor receptor Source.30: DFBPPR10021 ---- Animal proteins ---- NT-3 growth factor receptor Source.31: DFBPPR10096 ---- Animal proteins ---- BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor Source.32: DFBPPR10277 ---- Animal proteins ---- Nitric oxide synthase, inducible Source.33: DFBPPR10350 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein dispatched homolog 3 Source.34: DFBPPR11701 ---- Animal proteins ---- Arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 Source.35: DFBPPR12778 ---- Animal proteins ---- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor Source.36: DFBPPR12985 ---- Animal proteins ---- Arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 Source.37: DFBPPR14948 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 4
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

Antioxidative activity

The peptide PLHH was designed based on an antioxidative peptide (Leu-Leu-Pro-His-His) derived from proteolytic digests of a soybean protein. It showed moderate antioxidative activity, as shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Synergistic Effects of Synthetic Peptides on the Antioxidative Activity of Nonpeptidic Antioxidants ^a
	Antioxidative activity
	peptide	+BHA	+BHT	+tocopherol
Antioxidant
	1.0
BHA		2.4
BHT			1.9
tocopherol				1.3
Synthetic Peptide
HPLH	0.6	13.1 (4.4)	5.7 (2.3)	7.2 (3.8)
HHLP	0.9	16.1 (4.9)	5.7 (2.0)	9.4 (4.3)
HL	0.9	7.4 (2.2)	3.2 (1.1)	3.9 (1.8)
HLPH	1.2	9.3 (2.6)	3.4 (1.1)	3.9 (1.8)
LLPH	1.2	2.5 (0.7)	1.4 (0.5)	0.9 (0.4)
PLHH	1.6	10.3 (2.6)	6.9 (2.0)	10.1 (3.5)
HPHL	1.6	14.3 (3.6)	6.2 (1.8)	10.1 (3.5)
HH	2.3	13.6 (2.9)	5.9 (1.4)	8.2 (2.3)
LLHH	2.4	14.0 (2.9)	6.5 (1.5)	9.1 (2.5)
HHPLL	2.6	14.2 (2.8)	5.7 (1.3)	9.2 (2.4)
HLHP	2.7	11.9 (2.3)	4.5 (1.0)	6.4 (1.6)
LPHH	2.7	11.4 (2.2)	6.2 (1.3)	7.6 (1.9)
HHPL	2.9	14.2 (2.7)	6.4 (1.3)	8.1 (1.9)
LHPH	2.9	15.0 (2.8)	6.3 (1.3)	9.8 (2.3)
LH	3.0	12.1 (2.2)	6.1 (1.2)	9.2 (2.1)
LLPHH	3.0	9.3 (1.7)	4.8 (1.0)	3.1 (0.7)
HLH	3.2	14.0 (2.5)	4.3 (0.8)	6.5 (1.4)
LLPHHH	3.3	12.4 (2.2)	5.8 (1.1)	5.1 (1.1)
LHH	3.8	14.0 (2.3)	6.3 (1.1)	8.9 (1.7)
PHH	5.8	16.4 (2.0)	6.6 (0.9)	9.4 (1.3)
^a Antioxidative activity was evaluated by the ferric thiocyanate method. The assay was performed with 40 μM peptides, 100 μM BHA and BHT, and 10 μM tocopherol. The number in parentheses is the magnitude of synergistic effect: (activity of peptide + antioxidant) / (activity of peptide) + (activity of antioxidant). Data represent the mean of three replications.

Specific target protein(s)

N.D

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC1=CN=C-N1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC1=CN=C-N1)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Chemical synthesis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	Peptides were prepared by the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-strategy using a simultaneous multiple peptide synthesizer (model PSSM-8, Shimadzu).

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

N.D

Database cross-references

[D1]

[D2]

[D3]

[D4]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Matoba N, Yamada Y, Yoshikawa M. Design of a genetically modified soybean protein preventing hypertension based on an anti-hypertensive peptide derived from ovalbumin. Curr Med Chem Cardiovasc Hematol Agents. 2003 Jun;1(2):197-202. PMID: 15320699 DOI: 10.2174/1568016033477496
Other literature(s)	[1] Tsuge N, Eikawa Y, Nomura Y, et al. Antioxidative Activity of Peptides Prepared by Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Egg-white Albumin.[J]. Nippon Nogeikagaku Kaishi, 1991, 65(11):1635-1641. [2] Chen, H.M., et al., Antioxidative properties of histidine-containing peptides designed from peptide fragments found in the digests of a soybean protein. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 1998. 46(1): p. 49-53. [3] Chen H M, Muramoto K, Yamauchi F. Structural Analysis of Antioxidative Peptides from Soybean. beta.-Conglycinin[J]. J.agric.food Chem, 1995, 43(3):574-578.
PubDate	2003