Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPANOX0715(Antioxidative peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPANOX0715
Peptide sequence	PYVRYL
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	Antioxidative peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	Antioxidative activity
Otheir bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity ^[D1], Antihypertensive activity ^[D2], Antimicrobial activity ^[D3], Multifunctional activity ^[D4]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Pro-Tyr-Val-Arg-Tyr-Leu

Single-letter amino acid

PYVRYL

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	809.95 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

9.59 ^c

IC₅₀

N.D

pIC₅₀

N.D

GRAVY

-0.1167^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

50%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Animal
Organism/Source	Ovine milk protein
Precursor protein	α_s2-Casein
Residue position	f(203-208)
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR7689 ---- Milk proteins ---- Alpha-S2-casein Source.2: DFBPPR7701 ---- Milk proteins ---- Alpha-S2-casein Source.3: DFBPPR8494 ---- Milk proteins ---- Alpha-S2-casein
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

Antioxidative activity	The peptide with the sequence PYVRYL showed potent oxygen radical-scavenging activity (ORAC-FL value of 1.82 ± 0.09 μmol Trolox* equivalents per μmol of peptide). *Trolox - 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid, a water-soluble derivative of vitamin E.
Specific target protein(s)	N.D

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	Peptide obtained by hydrolysis of ovine α_s2-casein by use of porcine pepsin A.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

N.D

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPACEI0278, DFBPACEI1727
[D2]	DFBPANHY0547
[D3]	DFBPAMIC0185
[D4]	DFBPMUFU0387

BIOPEP-UWM

[D5]

8152, 8178, 8262

APD

[D6]

BioPepDB

[D7]

MBPDB

[D8]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	López-Expósito, I., Quirós, A., Amigo, L., Recio, I. Casein hydrolysates as a source of antimicrobial, antioxidant and antihypertensive peptides. Le Lait. 2007, 87, 241-9. DOI: 10.1051/lait:2007019
Other literature(s)	[1] Quirós A, Hernández-Ledesma B, Ramos M, et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity of peptides derived from caprine kefir[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2005, 88(10):3480-3487. [2] Lopez E I, Recio I. Antibacterial activity of peptides and folding variants from milk proteins[J]. International Dairy Journal, 2006, 16(11):1294-1305. [3] Recio I., Quirós A., Hernández-Ledesma, B., Gómez-Ruiz, J.A, Miguel, M., Amigo, L., López- Expósito, I., Ramos, M., and Aleixandre A. 2005. Bioactive peptides identified in enzyme hydro- lysates from milk caseins and procedure for their obtention. European Patent PCT/ ES2006070079. [4] Park Y W. Bioactive Components in Milk and Dairy Products[M]. 2009.
PubDate	2007