Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPBBBP0004(Blood-brain barrier peptides)

DFBP ID	DFBPBBBP0004
Peptide sequence	HSDAVFTDNYTRLRKQMAVKKYLNSIL
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	Blood-brain barrier peptide, Pituitary adenylate

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	Penetrate blood-brain barrier
Otheir bioactivity	N.D

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

His-Ser-Asp-Ala-Val-Phe-Thr-Asp-Asn-Tyr-Thr-Arg-Leu-Arg-Lys-Gln-Met-Ala-Val-Lys-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asn-Ser-Ile-Leu

Single-letter amino acid

HSDAVFTDNYTRLRKQMAVKKYLNSIL

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	3212.68 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

10.21 ^c

IC₅₀

N.D

pIC₅₀

N.D

GRAVY

-0.5333^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

37.04%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Animal
Organism/Source	Porcine intestinal extracts
Precursor protein	N.D
Residue position	N.D
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR16919 ---- Animal proteins ---- VIP peptides Source.2: DFBPPR8761 ---- Animal proteins ---- VIP peptides Source.3: DFBPPR12850 ---- Animal proteins ---- VIP peptides Source.4: DFBPPR13499 ---- Animal proteins ---- Vasoactive intestinal peptide Source.5: DFBPPR13879 ---- Animal proteins ---- Vasoactive intestinal peptide
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

Penetrate blood-barin barrier	(1) The vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) crosses the BBB unidirectionally from blood to brain by transmembrane diffusion. (2) Lipid solubility/hydrogen bonding correlates directly and the square-root of the molecular weight inversely with the rate of passage across the BBB^[1].
Specific target protein(s)	N.D

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Non-bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N.D

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Separation
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	The material was obtained by purifying secretin as described ^[2] until when the material precipitated with ether from the methanol extract was dissolved in water, and the solution saturated with sodium chloride.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	The intravenously injected VIP was found to cross the BBB by a nonsaturable transport system, without enzymatic degradation.
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

The VIP within the CNS tended to be retained there rather than being cleared into the blood, these results support VIP or its analogs as a therapeutic approach in the treatment of brain diseases.

Database cross-references

[D1]

[D2]

[D3]

[D4]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Dogrukol-Ak D , Banks W A , Tuncel N , et al. Passage of vasoactive intestinal peptide across the blood-brain barrier.[J]. Peptides, 2003, 24(3):437-444. DOI: 10.1016/s0196-9781(03)00059-7
Other literature(s)	[1] Banks WA, Kastin AJ. Peptides and the blood-brain barrier: lipophilicity as a predictor of permeability. Brain Res Bull. 1985 Sep;15(3):287-92. doi: 10.1016/0361-9230(85)90153-4. PMID: 2413968. [2] Said SI, Mutt V. Isolation from porcine-intestinal wall of a vasoactive octacosapeptide related to secretin and to glucagon. Eur J Biochem. 1972 Jul 13;28(2):199-204. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1972.tb01903.x. PMID: 5069712.
PubDate	2003