Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPDPIV0065(DPP IV-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPDPIV0065
Peptide sequence	GPGA
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	DPP-IV inhibitory peptide, Anti-diabetic peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	DPP-IV inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	N.D

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Gly-Pro-Gly-Ala

Single-letter amino acid

GPGA

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
300.4 Da	300.31 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

5.97 ^c

IC₅₀

N.D

pIC₅₀

N.D

GRAVY

-0.1500^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

100%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Animal, Fish, Marine
Organism/Source	Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
Precursor protein	Fish skin gelatin
Residue position	N.D
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR1044 ---- Plant proteins ---- Neutral ceramidase Source.2: DFBPPR1132 ---- Plant proteins ---- Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-III homolog B Source.3: DFBPPR1145 ---- Plant proteins ---- Acetolactate synthase 1, chloroplastic Source.4: DFBPPR1146 ---- Plant proteins ---- Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-III homolog A Source.5: DFBPPR1350 ---- Plant proteins ---- Metal transporter NRAT1 Source.6: DFBPPR1395 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable L-ascorbate peroxidase 7, chloroplastic Source.7: DFBPPR1432 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable GTP diphosphokinase CRSH2, chloroplastic Source.8: DFBPPR1450 ---- Plant proteins ---- Heat stress transcription factor C-1b Source.9: DFBPPR1574 ---- Plant proteins ---- ATP-dependent zinc metalloprotease FTSH 1, chloroplastic Source.10: DFBPPR1683 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable acetolactate synthase 2, chloroplastic Source.11: DFBPPR1749 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable L-ascorbate peroxidase 6, chloroplastic/mitochondrial Source.12: DFBPPR1797 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable L-ascorbate peroxidase 5, chloroplastic Source.13: DFBPPR1822 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase HIP1 Source.14: DFBPPR2152 ---- Plant proteins ---- Sucrose transport protein SUT4 Source.15: DFBPPR2284 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable glucan 1,3-alpha-glucosidase Source.16: DFBPPR2340 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein NODULATION SIGNALING PATHWAY 1 Source.17: DFBPPR2382 ---- Plant proteins ---- Putative cellulose synthase-like protein H3 Source.18: DFBPPR2779 ---- Plant proteins ---- Auxin response factor 2 Source.19: DFBPPR2842 ---- Plant proteins ---- Mannan endo-1,4-beta-mannosidase 6 Source.20: DFBPPR2870 ---- Plant proteins ---- Homeobox-leucine zipper protein HOX27 Source.21: DFBPPR2934 ---- Plant proteins ---- Metal transporter Nramp1 Source.22: DFBPPR3079 ---- Plant proteins ---- Soluble inorganic pyrophosphatase Source.23: DFBPPR3251 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable glycosyltransferase 6 Source.24: DFBPPR3626 ---- Plant proteins ---- Acyl transferase 7 Source.25: DFBPPR3715 ---- Plant proteins ---- Auxin transporter-like protein 3 Source.26: DFBPPR3917 ---- Plant proteins ---- Bidirectional sugar transporter SWEET6b Source.27: DFBPPR3942 ---- Plant proteins ---- Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 homolog 3 Source.28: DFBPPR3964 ---- Plant proteins ---- DEAD-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase 1 Source.29: DFBPPR3977 ---- Plant proteins ---- Formin-like protein 5 Source.30: DFBPPR3987 ---- Plant proteins ---- Coatomer subunit epsilon-2 Source.31: DFBPPR4013 ---- Plant proteins ---- Zinc-finger homeodomain protein 11 Source.32: DFBPPR4160 ---- Plant proteins ---- Squamosa promoter-binding-like protein 10 Source.33: DFBPPR4251 ---- Plant proteins ---- Hypersensitive-induced response protein 1 Source.34: DFBPPR4312 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein SUPPRESSOR OF GENE SILENCING 3 homolog Source.35: DFBPPR4469 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein argonaute 11 Source.36: DFBPPR4690 ---- Plant proteins ---- Zinc finger CCCH domain-containing protein 44 Source.37: DFBPPR4753 ---- Plant proteins ---- Hypersensitive-induced response protein-like protein 2 Source.38: DFBPPR4812 ---- Plant proteins ---- Hypersensitive-induced response protein-like protein 1 Source.39: DFBPPR4900 ---- Plant proteins ---- Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase CLF Source.40: DFBPPR5445 ---- Plant proteins ---- Bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 2, chloroplastic Source.41: DFBPPR5447 ---- Plant proteins ---- Bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic Source.42: DFBPPR5557 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein OPAQUE10 Source.43: DFBPPR5564 ---- Plant proteins ---- Acetolactate synthase 1, chloroplastic Source.44: DFBPPR5577 ---- Plant proteins ---- Acetolactate synthase 2, chloroplastic Source.45: DFBPPR5695 ---- Plant proteins ---- Nitrate reductase [NADH] 3 Source.46: DFBPPR5829 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein SUPPRESSOR OF GENE SILENCING 3 homolog Source.47: DFBPPR5854 ---- Plant proteins ---- Retinoblastoma-related protein 3 Source.48: DFBPPR6087 ---- Plant proteins ---- 40S ribosomal protein S14 Source.49: DFBPPR6090 ---- Plant proteins ---- 40S ribosomal protein S14 Source.50: DFBPPR6126 ---- Plant proteins ---- Oil body-associated protein 1A Source.51: DFBPPR6293 ---- Plant proteins ---- Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase B, chloroplastic Source.52: DFBPPR7039 ---- Plant proteins ---- Nitrate reductase [NAD(P)H] Source.53: DFBPPR7402 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable pectinesterase/pectinesterase inhibitor Source.54: DFBPPR7411 ---- Plant proteins ---- Acetolactate synthase 1, chloroplastic Source.55: DFBPPR7412 ---- Plant proteins ---- Acetolactate synthase 2, chloroplastic Source.56: DFBPPR7413 ---- Plant proteins ---- Acetolactate synthase 3, chloroplastic Source.57: DFBPPR15942 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit STT3B Source.58: DFBPPR15952 ---- Animal proteins ---- Galectin-3 Source.59: DFBPPR16024 ---- Animal proteins ---- Podocalyxin Source.60: DFBPPR16026 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ras-related protein Rab-1A Source.61: DFBPPR16038 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein amnionless Source.62: DFBPPR16047 ---- Animal proteins ---- Adenylate cyclase type 5 Source.63: DFBPPR16084 ---- Animal proteins ---- T-box transcription factor TBX2 Source.64: DFBPPR16125 ---- Animal proteins ---- Heat shock factor protein 4 Source.65: DFBPPR16144 ---- Animal proteins ---- Tight junction protein ZO-3 Source.66: DFBPPR16161 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial Source.67: DFBPPR16182 ---- Animal proteins ---- Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1 Source.68: DFBPPR16207 ---- Animal proteins ---- Homeobox protein cut-like 1 Source.69: DFBPPR16243 ---- Animal proteins ---- Retinoic acid receptor RXR-beta Source.70: DFBPPR16253 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cytochrome P450 2D15 Source.71: DFBPPR16254 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transferrin receptor protein 1 Source.72: DFBPPR16256 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transcription factor GATA-4 Source.73: DFBPPR16309 ---- Animal proteins ---- Gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor Source.74: DFBPPR16339 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dynamin-binding protein Source.75: DFBPPR16479 ---- Animal proteins ---- Carboxypeptidase B Source.76: DFBPPR16496 ---- Animal proteins ---- Somatostatin receptor type 1 Source.77: DFBPPR16592 ---- Animal proteins ---- T-box transcription factor TBX4 Source.78: DFBPPR16626 ---- Animal proteins ---- RING finger protein unkempt homolog Source.79: DFBPPR16638 ---- Animal proteins ---- Synapsin-1 Source.80: DFBPPR16646 ---- Animal proteins ---- AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 5B Source.81: DFBPPR16668 ---- Animal proteins ---- Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 22 Source.82: DFBPPR16695 ---- Animal proteins ---- UDP-galactose translocator Source.83: DFBPPR16726 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator-like 2 Source.84: DFBPPR16835 ---- Animal proteins ---- Insulin Source.85: DFBPPR16899 ---- Animal proteins ---- Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1A Source.86: DFBPPR16954 ---- Animal proteins ---- Alpha-2-antiplasmin Source.87: DFBPPR17026 ---- Animal proteins ---- Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor Source.88: DFBPPR17045 ---- Animal proteins ---- Oxysterols receptor LXR-beta Source.89: DFBPPR17085 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cadherin-2 Source.90: DFBPPR17137 ---- Animal proteins ---- Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 Source.91: DFBPPR17162 ---- Animal proteins ---- Collagen alpha-1(IV) chain Source.92: DFBPPR17291 ---- Animal proteins ---- Heat shock factor protein 1 Source.93: DFBPPR17337 ---- Animal proteins ---- Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15 Source.94: DFBPPR17377 ---- Animal proteins ---- Adenylate cyclase type 1 Source.95: DFBPPR17444 ---- Animal proteins ---- Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L1 Source.96: DFBPPR17450 ---- Animal proteins ---- Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L3 Source.97: DFBPPR17473 ---- Animal proteins ---- E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM71 Source.98: DFBPPR17516 ---- Animal proteins ---- Steroid 21-hydroxylase Source.99: DFBPPR17575 ---- Animal proteins ---- A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4 Source.100: DFBPPR17626 ---- Animal proteins ---- Elastin Source.101: DFBPPR17693 ---- Animal proteins ---- Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 2, mitochondrial Source.102: DFBPPR17879 ---- Animal proteins ---- Menin Source.103: DFBPPR17935 ---- Animal proteins ---- Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor Source.104: DFBPPR18012 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neural cell adhesion molecule 1 Source.105: DFBPPR18043 ---- Animal proteins ---- Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 6 Source.106: DFBPPR18109 ---- Animal proteins ---- Synaptosomal-associated protein 29 Source.107: DFBPPR18230 ---- Animal proteins ---- Multivesicular body subunit 12A Source.108: DFBPPR18299 ---- Animal proteins ---- Synapsin-1 Source.109: DFBPPR18442 ---- Animal proteins ---- Glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatase Source.110: DFBPPR18473 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sharpin Source.111: DFBPPR18476 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein O-linked-mannose beta-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1 Source.112: DFBPPR18537 ---- Animal proteins ---- Collagen alpha-1(III) chain Source.113: DFBPPR18613 ---- Animal proteins ---- 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial Source.114: DFBPPR18766 ---- Animal proteins ---- Negative elongation factor E Source.115: DFBPPR18776 ---- Animal proteins ---- Nucleoporin GLE1 Source.116: DFBPPR18787 ---- Animal proteins ---- Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoU Source.117: DFBPPR18842 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 7 Source.118: DFBPPR18843 ---- Animal proteins ---- Carboxypeptidase B Source.119: DFBPPR18859 ---- Animal proteins ---- Matrix remodeling-associated protein 8 Source.120: DFBPPR18987 ---- Animal proteins ---- Methionine synthase reductase Source.121: DFBPPR19030 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein FAM83D Source.122: DFBPPR19215 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dysferlin Source.123: DFBPPR19238 ---- Animal proteins ---- E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF128 Source.124: DFBPPR19314 ---- Animal proteins ---- Probable phospholipid-transporting ATPase IIB Source.125: DFBPPR19369 ---- Animal proteins ---- Intraflagellar transport protein 57 homolog Source.126: DFBPPR19517 ---- Animal proteins ---- Nucleoredoxin Source.127: DFBPPR19570 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transmembrane protein 8B Source.128: DFBPPR19605 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hepatocyte growth factor-like protein Source.129: DFBPPR19622 ---- Animal proteins ---- Thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing protein 1 Source.130: DFBPPR19670 ---- Animal proteins ---- SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 2 Source.131: DFBPPR19688 ---- Animal proteins ---- TBC1 domain family member 2A Source.132: DFBPPR19753 ---- Animal proteins ---- Thrombospondin-2 Source.133: DFBPPR19756 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ras-related protein Rab-1B Source.134: DFBPPR19844 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prosalusin Source.135: DFBPPR19903 ---- Animal proteins ---- Endoplasmic reticulum resident protein 27 Source.136: DFBPPR19963 ---- Animal proteins ---- DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 14 Source.137: DFBPPR20007 ---- Animal proteins ---- Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SETMAR Source.138: DFBPPR20024 ---- Animal proteins ---- Gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor Source.139: DFBPPR20028 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sine oculis-binding protein homolog Source.140: DFBPPR20514 ---- Animal proteins ---- Radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing protein 1, mitochondrial Source.141: DFBPPR20517 ---- Animal proteins ---- RNA-binding protein 42 Source.142: DFBPPR20555 ---- Animal proteins ---- Alpha/beta hydrolase domain-containing protein 17C Source.143: DFBPPR20648 ---- Animal proteins ---- Mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM22 homolog Source.144: DFBPPR20684 ---- Animal proteins ---- Doublesex- and mab-3-related transcription factor A2 Source.145: DFBPPR20690 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neurotrimin Source.146: DFBPPR20781 ---- Animal proteins ---- Proline dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial Source.147: DFBPPR20808 ---- Animal proteins ---- Monocarboxylate transporter 13 Source.148: DFBPPR20944 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pikachurin Source.149: DFBPPR21098 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pre T-cell antigen receptor alpha Source.150: DFBPPR21182 ---- Animal proteins ---- Probable G-protein coupled receptor 173 Source.151: DFBPPR21259 ---- Animal proteins ---- Elongation factor 1-delta Source.152: DFBPPR21310 ---- Animal proteins ---- von Willebrand factor A domain-containing protein 1 Source.153: DFBPPR21328 ---- Animal proteins ---- Outer dense fiber protein 3 Source.154: DFBPPR21348 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transmembrane protein 204 Source.155: DFBPPR21363 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 2 Source.156: DFBPPR21441 ---- Animal proteins ---- RING finger protein 207 Source.157: DFBPPR21594 ---- Animal proteins ---- SH3 domain-binding protein 5-like Source.158: DFBPPR21641 ---- Animal proteins ---- U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 40 kDa protein Source.159: DFBPPR21692 ---- Animal proteins ---- Mitotic-spindle organizing protein 2 Source.160: DFBPPR21697 ---- Animal proteins ---- UDP-galactose translocator Source.161: DFBPPR21715 ---- Animal proteins ---- Junctional protein associated with coronary artery disease homolog Source.162: DFBPPR21972 ---- Animal proteins ---- LRRN4 C-terminal-like protein Source.163: DFBPPR22077 ---- Animal proteins ---- 39S ribosomal protein L21, mitochondrial Source.164: DFBPPR22125 ---- Animal proteins ---- 40S ribosomal protein S16 Source.165: DFBPPR22169 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transmembrane protein 256 Source.166: DFBPPR22188 ---- Animal proteins ---- ER membrane protein complex subunit 8 Source.167: DFBPPR22288 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein FAM110B Source.168: DFBPPR22322 ---- Animal proteins ---- Testis-specific protein 10-interacting protein Source.169: DFBPPR22406 ---- Animal proteins ---- Uncharacterized protein KIAA2013 homolog Source.170: DFBPPR22497 ---- Animal proteins ---- Enkurin domain-containing protein 1 Source.171: DFBPPR22593 ---- Animal proteins ---- UPF0688 protein C1orf174 homolog Source.172: DFBPPR22644 ---- Animal proteins ---- BTB/POZ domain-containing protein KCTD18 Source.173: DFBPPR8556 ---- Animal proteins ---- Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15 Source.174: DFBPPR8578 ---- Animal proteins ---- Large proline-rich protein BAG6 Source.175: DFBPPR8633 ---- Animal proteins ---- Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor Source.176: DFBPPR8679 ---- Animal proteins ---- Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 2 Source.177: DFBPPR8749 ---- Animal proteins ---- E3 SUMO-protein ligase EGR2 Source.178: DFBPPR8770 ---- Animal proteins ---- Golgi-resident adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate 3'-phosphatase Source.179: DFBPPR8796 ---- Animal proteins ---- UMP-CMP kinase Source.180: DFBPPR8921 ---- Animal proteins ---- L-dopachrome tautomerase Source.181: DFBPPR9031 ---- Animal proteins ---- Mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase IA Source.182: DFBPPR9127 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transferrin receptor protein 1 Source.183: DFBPPR9196 ---- Animal proteins ---- Steroid 21-hydroxylase Source.184: DFBPPR9242 ---- Animal proteins ---- Carboxypeptidase B Source.185: DFBPPR9547 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ras-related protein Rab-1B Source.186: DFBPPR9632 ---- Animal proteins ---- Gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor Source.187: DFBPPR9666 ---- Animal proteins ---- Orexin receptor type 1 Source.188: DFBPPR9678 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neuropeptide W Source.189: DFBPPR9807 ---- Animal proteins ---- Galectin-4 Source.190: DFBPPR9810 ---- Animal proteins ---- 40S ribosomal protein S16 Source.191: DFBPPR9955 ---- Animal proteins ---- Progesterone receptor Source.192: DFBPPR10100 ---- Animal proteins ---- STIP1 homology and U box-containing protein 1 Source.193: DFBPPR10116 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cadherin-2 Source.194: DFBPPR10127 ---- Animal proteins ---- Heat shock factor protein 1 Source.195: DFBPPR10184 ---- Animal proteins ---- LIM/homeobox protein Lhx1 Source.196: DFBPPR10276 ---- Animal proteins ---- Adapter molecule crk Source.197: DFBPPR10296 ---- Animal proteins ---- Mucin-5B Source.198: DFBPPR10389 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neuronal PAS domain-containing protein 2 Source.199: DFBPPR10403 ---- Animal proteins ---- UMP-CMP kinase Source.200: DFBPPR10422 ---- Animal proteins ---- Collagen alpha-1(XII) chain Source.201: DFBPPR10470 ---- Animal proteins ---- Collagen alpha-1(III) chain Source.202: DFBPPR10518 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neural cell adhesion molecule 1 Source.203: DFBPPR10528 ---- Animal proteins ---- Far upstream element-binding protein 2 Source.204: DFBPPR10573 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neuronal-glial cell adhesion molecule Source.205: DFBPPR10602 ---- Animal proteins ---- DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A Source.206: DFBPPR10605 ---- Animal proteins ---- Elastin Source.207: DFBPPR10607 ---- Animal proteins ---- Collagen alpha-2(VI) chain Source.208: DFBPPR10709 ---- Animal proteins ---- Docking protein 3 Source.209: DFBPPR10815 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-10 Source.210: DFBPPR11018 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transcriptional coactivator YAP1 Source.211: DFBPPR11043 ---- Animal proteins ---- Centromere protein H Source.212: DFBPPR11096 ---- Animal proteins ---- WASH complex subunit 1 Source.213: DFBPPR11139 ---- Animal proteins ---- Homeobox protein Hox-A7 Source.214: DFBPPR11150 ---- Animal proteins ---- Opioid-binding protein/cell adhesion molecule homolog Source.215: DFBPPR11188 ---- Animal proteins ---- Visual system homeobox 1 Source.216: DFBPPR11269 ---- Animal proteins ---- Anosmin-1 Source.217: DFBPPR11287 ---- Animal proteins ---- Lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 Source.218: DFBPPR11356 ---- Animal proteins ---- Homeobox protein AKR Source.219: DFBPPR11461 ---- Animal proteins ---- Solute carrier family 25 member 46 Source.220: DFBPPR11540 ---- Animal proteins ---- Homeobox protein MIXL1 Source.221: DFBPPR11626 ---- Animal proteins ---- tRNA-splicing endonuclease subunit Sen2 Source.222: DFBPPR11755 ---- Animal proteins ---- Single-stranded DNA-binding protein 3 Source.223: DFBPPR11947 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transcription factor SOX-8 Source.224: DFBPPR11972 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cyclin-L1 Source.225: DFBPPR12040 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neurochondrin Source.226: DFBPPR12088 ---- Animal proteins ---- Kelch-like protein 14 Source.227: DFBPPR12346 ---- Animal proteins ---- Adenylate cyclase type 5 Source.228: DFBPPR12378 ---- Animal proteins ---- GDH/6PGL endoplasmic bifunctional protein Source.229: DFBPPR12387 ---- Animal proteins ---- Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 Source.230: DFBPPR12416 ---- Animal proteins ---- Oxysterol-binding protein 1 Source.231: DFBPPR12422 ---- Animal proteins ---- Voltage-dependent R-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1E Source.232: DFBPPR12430 ---- Animal proteins ---- Junctophilin-2 Source.233: DFBPPR12468 ---- Animal proteins ---- Zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 2 Source.234: DFBPPR12545 ---- Animal proteins ---- Galectin-3 Source.235: DFBPPR12740 ---- Animal proteins ---- Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 2 Source.236: DFBPPR12784 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cadherin-16 Source.237: DFBPPR12853 ---- Animal proteins ---- Insulin Source.238: DFBPPR12874 ---- Animal proteins ---- Gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor Source.239: DFBPPR12884 ---- Animal proteins ---- Extracellular superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] Source.240: DFBPPR12948 ---- Animal proteins ---- Apolipoprotein C-IV Source.241: DFBPPR13047 ---- Animal proteins ---- Elongation factor 1-delta Source.242: DFBPPR13086 ---- Animal proteins ---- RING finger protein 207 Source.243: DFBPPR13151 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transferrin receptor protein 1 Source.244: DFBPPR13262 ---- Animal proteins ---- Gastrin Source.245: DFBPPR13722 ---- Animal proteins ---- Insulin Source.246: DFBPPR13961 ---- Animal proteins ---- Elongation factor 1-delta Source.247: DFBPPR14064 ---- Animal proteins ---- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Source.248: DFBPPR14240 ---- Marine protein ---- Otolin-1 Source.249: DFBPPR14330 ---- Marine protein ---- Acetolactate synthase large subunit Source.250: DFBPPR14466 ---- Marine protein ---- 30S ribosomal protein S11, chloroplastic Source.251: DFBPPR14569 ---- Marine protein ---- Collagen alpha-2(I) chain Source.252: DFBPPR14660 ---- Marine protein ---- Otolin-1 Source.253: DFBPPR15000 ---- Microorganism protein ---- D-lactate dehydrogenase [cytochrome], mitochondrial Source.254: DFBPPR15368 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Clustered mitochondria protein homolog Source.255: DFBPPR15426 ---- Microorganism protein ---- tRNA (guanine-N(7)-)-methyltransferase non-catalytic subunit TRM82 Source.256: DFBPPR15629 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Transcription activator MSS11 Source.257: DFBPPR8036 ---- Plant protein ---- Pectinesterase 3 Source.258: DFBPPR8302 ---- Plant protein ---- 60S ribosomal protein L5
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

DPP IV-inhibitory activity	The peptide GPGA showed dose-dependent inhibition effects on Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (EC 3.4.14.5) with the IC₅₀ value of 41.9 μM.
Specific target protein(s)	Specific Target Protein(s): Dipeptidyl peptidase 4

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Non-bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

NCC(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	The Flavourzyme (FLA) hydrolysate with the enzyme / substrate ratio of 6% showed the greatest DPP-IV-inhibitory activity.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

N.D

Database cross-references

[D1]

[D2]

[D3]

[D4]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Li-Chan EC, Hunag SL, Jao CL, Ho KP, Hsu KC. Peptides derived from atlantic salmon skin gelatin as dipeptidyl-peptidase IV inhibitors. J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Feb 1;60(4):973-8. PMID: 22225496 DOI: 10.1021/jf204720q
Other literature(s)	[1] Boots J W P, Campina N H B V. Protein hydrolysate enriched in peptides inhibiting DPP-IV and their use[J]. 2006. [2] Ojeda M J, Cereto-Massagué A, Valls C, et al. DPP-IV, An Important Target for Antidiabetic Functional Food Design[J]. 2014.
PubDate	2012