Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPHEBP0007(Heparin-binding peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPHEBP0007
Peptide sequence	FACAAWQWRMKKLGA
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	Heparin-binding peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	Heparin-binding activity
Otheir bioactivity	N.D

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Phe-Ala-Cys-Ala-Ala-Trp-Gln-Trp-Arg-Met-Lys-Lys-Leu-Gly-Ala

Single-letter amino acid

FACAAWQWRMKKLGA

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	1767.14 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

10.59 ^c

IC₅₀

N.D

pIC₅₀

N.D

GRAVY

0.0133^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

66.67%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Animal
Organism/Source	Bovine milk protein
Precursor protein	Lactoferrin-derived peptide
Residue position	f(17-31)
Precursor protein(s) search	No matching precursor protein found
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

Heparin-binding activity

The peptide 13 showed potent heparin-binding activity, as shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Synthesized peptides and their heparin-binding activities ^a.
Num.	Peptide sequence	Heparin-binding activity
1	FKCRRWQWRMKKLGA	++
2	FACAAWQWAMAALGA	–
3	FACAAWQWAMAKLGA	±
4	FACAAWQWAMKALGA	±
5	FACAAWQWRMAALGA	–
6	FACARWQWAMAALGA	–
7	FACRAWQWAMAALGA	–
8	FKCAAWQWAMAALGA	–
9	FKCRRWQWAMAALGA	±
10	FACRRWQWAMAALGA	±
11	FKCARWQWAMAALGA	±
12	FKCRAWQWAMAALGA	–
13	FACAAWQWRMKKLGA	++
14	FACAAWQWAMKKLGA	±
15	FACAAWQWRMAKLGA	±
16	FACAAWQWRMKALGA	±
17	FACRRWQWRMAALGA	+
18	FKCAAWQWAMKKLGA	+
19	FKCAAWQWRMAALGA	–
20	FACARWQWAMAKLGA	±
21	FACRAWQWAMAKLGA	–
^a Peptide 1 corresponds to a part of the N-terminal region of bovine lactoferrin. Peptide 2-21 are peptides obtained by substituting partial amino acid mutations of peptide 1. The amino acid residues are expressed using the one-letter symbol.

Specific target protein(s)

N.D

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	No prediction can be made about the peptide bitterness. ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CS)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(=CN2)C1=C2C=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(=CN2)C1=C2C=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Synthetic peptide
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	Peptides were synthesized from 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl amino acid active esters on a preactivated cellulose membrane using the SPOTs^TM system (Genosys Biotechnologies, Inc.).

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

The heparin-binding site of bovine lactoferrin is proposed to be the sequence BXBB at positions 18–21 and 25–28 and BB at 38–39. The heparin-binding peptide that was isolated from bovine lactoferrin altered its conformation upon interaction with heparin.

Database cross-references

[D1]

[D2]

[D3]

[D4]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Shimazaki K, Tazume T, Uji K, Tanaka M, Kumura H, Mikawa K, Shimo-Oka T. Properties of a heparin-binding peptide derived from bovine lactoferrin. J Dairy Sci. 1998 Nov;81(11):2841-9. PMID: 9839225 DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75843-6
Other literature(s)	N.D
PubDate	1998