Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPOPIO0041(Opioid peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPOPIO0041
Peptide sequence	YPFVEPIP
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	Opioid peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	Opioid activity
Otheir bioactivity	PEP-inhibitory activity ^[D1], Multifunctional activity ^[D2]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Tyr-Pro-Phe-Val-Glu-Pro-Ile-Pro

Single-letter amino acid

YPFVEPIP

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	961.11 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

3.34 ^c

IC₅₀

N.D

pIC₅₀

N.D

GRAVY

0.2375^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

75%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Human
Organism/Source	Human milk
Precursor protein	β-Casein
Residue position	f(51-58)
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR7605 ---- Milk proteins ---- Beta-casein
Link-research Inductive analysis	Link 1: DFBPOPIO0110----Human milk protien----β-Casein

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

Opioid activity

YPFVEPIP showed weak opioid activity. As shown in table 1.

Table 1 Opioid activity of peptides
Peptide	IC₅₀ (uM)			IC₅₀ MVD	Activity	References
	RA^a	GPI^b	MVD^c	IC₅₀ GPI
YPFVEPIP	1300	25	540	21.6	Opioid agonist	－
	-receptor					[1]

^a Radioreceptor assay in the presence of 1 nM [³H]naloxone.
^b Guinea pig ileum assay.
^c Mouse vas deferens assay.

Specific target protein(s)

Specific Target Protein(s):
Mu-type opioid receptor

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])([C@]([H])(CC)C)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Synthesis peptide
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	Peptide was synthesized by a solid-phase method on chloromethyl resin.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

N.D

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPPEPI0061
[D2]	DFBPMUFU0761

[D3]

[D4]

[D5]

[D6]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Yoshikawa, M., Tani, F., Yoshimura, T., Chiba, H. Opioid Peptides from Milk Proteins. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry. 2014, 50, 2419-21. DOI: 10.1080/00021369.1986.10867763
Other literature(s)	[1] Chiba H, Yoshikawa M. Biologically functional peptides from food proteins: new opioid peptides from milk proteins[J]. Research, 1986.
PubDate	2014