Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPOPIO0048(Opioid peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPOPIO0048
Peptide sequence	YGGFM
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	Opioid peptide, Methionine-enkephalin

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	Opioid activity
Otheir bioactivity	Antioxidative activity ^[D1], Multifunctional activity ^[D2]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met

Single-letter amino acid

YGGFM

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	573.67 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

5.92 ^c

IC₅₀

N.D

pIC₅₀

N.D

GRAVY

0.5200^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

80%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Animal
Organism/Source	The pituitary gland of sheep
Precursor protein	β-Lipotropin
Residue position	f(61-65)^[3]
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR16803 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pro-opiomelanocortin Source.2: DFBPPR16933 ---- Animal proteins ---- Proenkephalin-A Source.3: DFBPPR8756 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pro-opiomelanocortin Source.4: DFBPPR13531 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pro-opiomelanocortin Source.5: DFBPPR13983 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pro-opiomelanocortin-1 Source.6: DFBPPR13984 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pro-opiomelanocortin-2 Source.7: DFBPPR14230 ---- Marine protein ---- Pro-opiomelanocortin Source.8: DFBPPR14261 ---- Marine protein ---- Beta-endorphin-2 Source.9: DFBPPR14262 ---- Marine protein ---- Pro-opiomelanocortin Source.10: DFBPPR14543 ---- Marine protein ---- Pro-opiomelanocortin A Source.11: DFBPPR14549 ---- Marine protein ---- Pro-opiomelanocortin B
Link-research Inductive analysis	Link 1: DFBPOPIO0050----The pituitary gland of pig----β-Lipotropin

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

Opioid activity

Methionine-enkephalins has potent agonist activity at opiate receptor sites in that they produce a dose-related inhibition of electrically evoked contractions of the mouse vas deferens (MVD, δ-opiate receptor) and the guinea pig ileum (GPI, μ-opiate receptor). Methionine-enkephalin is twenty times more active than nirmorphine in the vas deferens and equipotent with normorphine in the guinea pig ileum. Natural enkephalin has been fonud to be 5-10 times more active in the vas deferens than in the guinea pig ileum, and the potency of natural enkephalin in the vas ileum.

Specific target protein(s)

Specific Target Protein(s):
Mu-type opioid receptor
Delta-type opioid receptor

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	No prediction can be made about the peptide bitterness. ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCSC)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Hydrolysis without enzyme
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	The pig brains were hydrolyzed with 5.5 N HCl at 110 ℃ for 20 h.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

Methionine-enkephalin was also found in pig^[2].

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPANOX0586, DFBPANOX0587
[D2]	DFBPMUFU0666

BIOPEP-UWM

[D3]

2877, 7853, 8123, 9522

APD

[D4]

BioPepDB

[D5]

MBPDB

[D6]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Hughes J, Smith TW, Kosterlitz HW, Fothergill LA, Morgan BA, Morris HR. Identification of two related pentapeptides from the brain with potent opiate agonist activity. Nature. 1975 Dec 18;258(5536):577-80. PMID: 1207728 DOI: 10.1038/258577a0
Other literature(s)	[1] Mcdonald J, Lambert D G. Opioid mechanisms and opioid drugs[J]. Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine, 2007, 9(1):33-37. [2] Sajgó C, Gráf L, Barát E, et al. Amino acid sequence of porcine beta-lipotropic hormone.[J]. 1971, 229(1):276-278. [3] CHOH HAO L I, Barnafi L, Chrétien M, et al. Isolation and Amino-acid Sequence of β-LPH from Sheep Pituitary Glands[J]. Nature, 1965, 208(5015):1093.
PubDate	1975