Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPVACO0002(Vasoconstriction peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPVACO0002
Peptide sequence	YVPFPPF
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	Vasoconstriction peptide, Casoxin D

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	Vasoconstriction activity
Otheir bioactivity	Opioid activity ^[D1], Multifunctional activity ^[D2]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Tyr-Val-Pro-Phe-Pro-Pro-Phe

Single-letter amino acid

YVPFPPF

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	866.02 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

5.92 ^c

IC₅₀

N.D

pIC₅₀

N.D

GRAVY

0.5286^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

85.71%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Human
Organism/Source	Human Milk protein
Precursor protein	αs1-Casein
Residue position	f(158-164)
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR7602 ---- Milk proteins ---- Alpha-S1-casein
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

Vasoconstriction activity

The peptide Casoxin D has antiopioid and vasorelaxing activities which are mediated by the opioid μ-receptor and bradykinin B1 receptors, respectively.) ^[1,2]

Table 1 Vaso-relaxing properties of casoxin D derivatives
Peptides	EC₅₀ (μM)	Receptors	Endothelium derived relaxing factors
YVPFPPF (Casoxin D)	3.4	B₁	Prostacyclin
YPFPPF (Casomokinin F)	0.86	B₁	Prostacyclin
YPFPPL (Casomokinin L)	3 × 10^-5 (3 × 10^-11 M)	no data	Nitric oxide
bradykinin	1 × 10^-5	B₂	Prostacyclin Nitric oxide
des-Arg⁹-bradykinin	1 × 10^-4	B1	Prostacyclin

Specific target protein(s)

N.D

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C(C)C)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)O

Structure

Embedded Mol* Viewer

Docking

Embedded Mol* Viewer

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	Human β-casein was hydrolyzed with pepsin-chymotrypsin.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

N.D

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPOPIO0005
[D2]	DFBPMUFU0655

[D3]

[D4]

[D5]

[D6]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Yoshikawa, M., Suganuma, H., Takahashi, M., Usui, H., Kurahashi, K., Chiba, H. Casomokinins, opioid/vaso-relaxing peptides derivatized from casoxin D or β-casomorphin-6. Regulatory Peptides. 1994, 53, S253-S4. DOI: 10.1016/0167-0115(94)90335-2
Other literature(s)	[1] Kato M , Fujiwara Y , Okamoto A , et al. Efficient Production of Casoxin D, a Bradykinin Agonist Peptide Derived from Human Casein, by Bacillus brevis[J]. Journal of the Agricultural Chemical Society of Japan, 1995, 59(11):4. [2] Fujita H , Suganuma H , Usui H , et al. Vasorelaxation by casomokinin L, a derivative of β-casomorphin and casoxin D, is mediated by NK1 receptor[J]. Peptides, 1996, 17(4):635-639.
PubDate	1994