Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPACEI0045(ACE-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPACEI0045
Peptide sequence	MRWRD
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	ACE-inhibitory peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	Antihypertensive activity ^[D1], Multifunctional activity ^[D2]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Met-Arg-Trp-Arg-Asp

Single-letter amino acid

MRWRD

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	762.88 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

10.88 ^c

IC₅₀

2.1 uM

pIC₅₀

-0.322

GRAVY

-2.3000^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

40%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Plant
Organism/Source	Spinach rubisco
Precursor protein	Large subunit
Residue position	f(212-216)
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR0049 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.2: DFBPPR0974 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.3: DFBPPR4988 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.4: DFBPPR5537 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.5: DFBPPR6233 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.6: DFBPPR6627 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.7: DFBPPR7037 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.8: DFBPPR7728 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.9: DFBPPR8374 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.10: DFBPPR8427 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.11: DFBPPR0007 ---- Plant protein ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.12: DFBPPR7761 ---- Plant protein ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.13: DFBPPR7990 ---- Plant protein ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.14: DFBPPR8038 ---- Plant protein ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.15: DFBPPR8220 ---- Plant protein ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

ACE-inhibitory activity	The peptide exhibited potent Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 2.1 uM.
Specific target protein(s)	Specific Target Protein(s): Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Non-bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(=CN2)C1=C2C=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(=O)O)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	Spinach Rubisco was hydrolyzed with Pepsin (pH 2, 37℃, 5h) and Pancreatin (pH 7.5, 37℃, 5h).

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

N.D

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPANHY0491
[D2]	DFBPMUFU0023

[D3]

[D4]

[D5]

[D6]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Yang Y, Marczak ED, Yokoo M, Usui H, Yoshikawa M. Isolation and antihypertensive effect of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides from spinach Rubisco. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Aug 13;51(17):4897-902. PMID: 12903942 DOI: 10.1021/jf026186y
Other literature(s)	N.D
PubDate	2003