Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPACEI0288(ACE-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPACEI0288
Peptide sequence	ALPMHIR
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	ACE-inhibitory peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	Antioxidative activity ^[D1], DPP IV-inhibitory activity ^[D2], Multifunctional activity ^[D3]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Ala-Leu-Pro-Met-His-Ile-Arg

Single-letter amino acid

ALPMHIR

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
836.5 Da	837.04 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

11.04 ^c

IC₅₀

N.D

pIC₅₀

N.D

GRAVY

0.3857^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

71.43%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Animal
Organism/Source	Ovine milk protein
Precursor protein	β-Lactoglobulin
Residue position	f(142-148)
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR0115 ---- Milk proteins ---- Beta-lactoglobulin Source.2: DFBPPR7687 ---- Milk proteins ---- Beta-lactoglobulin Source.3: DFBPPR7698 ---- Milk proteins ---- Beta-lactoglobulin-1/B Source.4: DFBPPR7714 ---- Milk proteins ---- Beta-lactoglobulin Source.5: DFBPPR8499 ---- Milk proteins ---- Beta-lactoglobulin
Link-research Inductive analysis	Link 1: DFBPACEI0028----Bovine whey protein----β-Lactoglobulin

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

ACE-inhibitory activity	The peptide exhibited potent Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity with an ACE inhibition rate of 62.6 ± 0.6 %.
Specific target protein(s)	Specific Target Protein(s): Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC1=CN=C-N1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])([C@]([H])(CC)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	Ovine milk was hydrolyzed with trypsin (EC 3.4.21.4 type XIII from bovine pancreas; Sigma Chemical Company, St. Louis, MO, USA).

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	No measured
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

Whey protein/hydrolysates may find application as nutraceuticals in various "physiologically functional foods".

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPANOX0698
[D2]	DFBPDPIV0215
[D3]	DFBPMUFU0016

[D4]

[D5]

[D6]

[D7]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Chobert, J.-M., El-Zahar, K., Sitohy, M., Dalgalarrondo, M., Métro, F., Choiset, Y., et al. Angiotensin I-converting-enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity of tryptic peptides of ovine β-lactoglobulin and of milk yoghurts obtained by using different starters. Le Lait. 2005, 85, 141-52. DOI: 10.1051/lait:2005005
Other literature(s)	[1] Park Y W. Bioactive Components in Milk and Dairy Products[M]. 2009. [2] Mullally M M, Meisel H, Fitzgerald R J. Identification of a novel angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptide corresponding to a tryptic fragment of bovine beta-lactoglobulin[J]. Febs Letters, 1997, 402(2–3):99-101. [3] Fitzgerald R J, Meisel H. Lactokinins: Whey protein‐derived ACE inhibitory peptides[J]. Molecular Nutrition (&) Food Research, 1999, 43(3):165. [4] I.M.P.L.V.O. Ferreira, Pinho O, Mota M V, et al. Preparation of ingredients containing an ACE-inhibitory peptide by tryptic hydrolysis of whey protein concentrates[J]. International Dairy Journal, 2007, 17(5):481-487.
PubDate	2005