Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPACEI0307(ACE-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPACEI0307
Peptide sequence	RPKH
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	ACE-inhibitory peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	N.D

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Arg-Pro-Lys-His

Single-letter amino acid

RPKH

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
537.32 Da	536.63 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

11.54 ^c

IC₅₀

> 1000 μg/mL (or > 1863 μmol/liter)

pIC₅₀

> -3.0

GRAVY

-3.3000^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

25%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Animal
Organism/Source	Sheep sodium caseinate
Precursor protein	α_s1-Casein
Residue position	f(1-4)
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR0832 ---- Plant proteins ---- Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 Source.2: DFBPPR0942 ---- Plant proteins ---- Lysine-specific demethylase JMJ705 Source.3: DFBPPR1816 ---- Plant proteins ---- Transcription factor RF2a Source.4: DFBPPR2508 ---- Plant proteins ---- Transcription factor RF2b Source.5: DFBPPR4038 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable metal-nicotianamine transporter YSL8 Source.6: DFBPPR7203 ---- Plant proteins ---- Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase Source.7: DFBPPR7688 ---- Milk proteins ---- Alpha-S1-casein Source.8: DFBPPR7694 ---- Milk proteins ---- Alpha-S1-casein Source.9: DFBPPR8488 ---- Milk proteins ---- Alpha-S1-casein Source.10: DFBPPR16584 ---- Animal proteins ---- Alpha-centractin Source.11: DFBPPR17580 ---- Animal proteins ---- Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 Source.12: DFBPPR18470 ---- Animal proteins ---- Perilipin-5 Source.13: DFBPPR18737 ---- Animal proteins ---- Centrosomal protein of 120 kDa Source.14: DFBPPR19481 ---- Animal proteins ---- RNA/RNP complex-1-interacting phosphatase Source.15: DFBPPR19681 ---- Animal proteins ---- Fibroleukin Source.16: DFBPPR20284 ---- Animal proteins ---- Galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase 3 Source.17: DFBPPR20796 ---- Animal proteins ---- Up-regulator of cell proliferation Source.18: DFBPPR22023 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myotubularin-related protein 9-like Source.19: DFBPPR22099 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-centractin Source.20: DFBPPR22605 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transmembrane protein 254 Source.21: DFBPPR22623 ---- Animal proteins ---- Lysine-rich coiled-coil protein 1 Source.22: DFBPPR22662 ---- Animal proteins ---- Uncharacterized protein C11orf94 homolog Source.23: DFBPPR8810 ---- Animal proteins ---- Follistatin Source.24: DFBPPR9795 ---- Animal proteins ---- Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 Source.25: DFBPPR9957 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ovoinhibitor Source.26: DFBPPR10596 ---- Animal proteins ---- FERM, ARHGEF and pleckstrin domain-containing protein 1 Source.27: DFBPPR10909 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transcription factor 12 Source.28: DFBPPR11254 ---- Animal proteins ---- Intracellular hyaluronan-binding protein 4 Source.29: DFBPPR13734 ---- Animal proteins ---- Perilipin-5 Source.30: DFBPPR14295 ---- Marine protein ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

ACE-inhibitory activity	The peptide exhibited very weak Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of > 1000 μg/mL (or > 1863 μmol/liter), and the dixon plots caculated for the synthesized peptide showed competitive inhibition.
Specific target protein(s)	Specific Target Protein(s): Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	No prediction can be made about the peptide bitterness. ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC1=CN=C-N1)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	Sodium caseinates prepared from sheep milk were hydrolyzed by a partially purified proteinase of Lactobacillus helveticus PR4.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	The bioactive peptide was resistant to further degradation by proteinase of L. helveticus PR4 or by trypsin and chymotrypsin.
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	No measured
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

N.D

Database cross-references

[D1]

[D2]

[D3]

[D4]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Minervini F, Algaron F, Rizzello CG, Fox PF, Monnet V, Gobbetti M. Angiotensin I-converting-enzyme-inhibitory and antibacterial peptides from Lactobacillus helveticus PR4 proteinase-hydrolyzed caseins of milk from six species. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Sep;69(9):5297-305. PMID: 12957917 DOI: 10.1128/AEM.69.9.5297-5305.2003
Other literature(s)	[1] Park Y W. Bioactive Components in Milk and Dairy Products[M]. 2009.
PubDate	2003