Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPACEI0366(ACE-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPACEI0366
Peptide sequence	ALKAWSVAR
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	ACE-inhibitory peptide, Albutensin A

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	Opioid activity ^[D1], Multifunctional activity ^[D2]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Ala-Leu-Lys-Ala-Trp-Ser-Val-Ala-Arg

Single-letter amino acid

ALKAWSVAR

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	1001.18 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

11.54 ^c

IC₅₀

3 uM

pIC₅₀

-0.477

GRAVY

0.3667^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

66.67%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Animal
Organism/Source	Bovine serum
Precursor protein	Bovine serum albumin (BSA)
Residue position	f(208-216)
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR16797 ---- Animal proteins ---- Albumin Source.2: DFBPPR13788 ---- Animal proteins ---- Albumin
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

ACE-inhibitory activity	The peptide exhibited strong Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 3 uM.
Specific target protein(s)	Specific Target Protein(s): Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Non-bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(=CN2)C1=C2C=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CO)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	Bovine serum albumin was hydrolyzed with Trypsin.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	No measured
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

N.D

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPOPIO0111
[D2]	DFBPMUFU0112

[D3]

[D4]

[D5]

[D6]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	FitzGerald RJ, Meisel H. Lactokinins: whey protein-derived ACE inhibitory peptides. Nahrung. 1999 Jun;43(3):165-7. PMID: 10399349 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3803(19990601)43:3<165::AID-FOOD165>3.0.CO;2-2
Other literature(s)	[1] Bösze Z. Bioactive Components of Milk[M]. Springer New York, 2008. [2] Fitzgerald R J, Murray B A, Walsh D J. Hypotensive peptides from milk proteins.[J]. Journal of Nutrition, 2004, 34(4):980S.
PubDate	1999