Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPACEI0384(ACE-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPACEI0384
Peptide sequence	LIYP
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	ACE-inhibitory peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	PEP-inhibitory activity ^[D1], Multifunctional activity ^[D2]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Leu-Ile-Tyr-Pro

Single-letter amino acid

LIYP

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	504.61 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

5.92 ^c

IC₅₀

10 μM

pIC₅₀

-1.0

GRAVY

1.3500^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

75%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Human
Organism/Source	Human milk protein
Precursor protein	β-Casein
Residue position	f(49-52)
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR1069 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase 1 Source.2: DFBPPR1072 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cytokinin dehydrogenase 2 Source.3: DFBPPR1161 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II protein D1 Source.4: DFBPPR1652 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.5: DFBPPR1872 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cytokinin dehydrogenase 5 Source.6: DFBPPR1888 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cytokinin dehydrogenase 11 Source.7: DFBPPR1925 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cytokinin dehydrogenase 3 Source.8: DFBPPR2171 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable mixed-linked glucan synthase 8 Source.9: DFBPPR3910 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable potassium transporter 3 Source.10: DFBPPR4063 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 2 Source.11: DFBPPR4239 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable metal-nicotianamine transporter YSL10 Source.12: DFBPPR4447 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable metal-nicotianamine transporter YSL1 Source.13: DFBPPR4993 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II protein D1 Source.14: DFBPPR5063 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.15: DFBPPR5245 ---- Plant proteins ---- Omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, chloroplastic Source.16: DFBPPR5394 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II protein D1 Source.17: DFBPPR5477 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.18: DFBPPR5915 ---- Plant proteins ---- Homocysteine S-methyltransferase 2 Source.19: DFBPPR5916 ---- Plant proteins ---- Homocysteine S-methyltransferase 3 Source.20: DFBPPR6220 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II protein D1 Source.21: DFBPPR6232 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.22: DFBPPR6648 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II protein D1 Source.23: DFBPPR6710 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.24: DFBPPR7023 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II protein D1 Source.25: DFBPPR7054 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.26: DFBPPR7205 ---- Plant proteins ---- DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta'' Source.27: DFBPPR7401 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II protein D1 Source.28: DFBPPR7605 ---- Milk proteins ---- Beta-casein Source.29: DFBPPR8452 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II protein D1 Source.30: DFBPPR8453 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.31: DFBPPR16567 ---- Animal proteins ---- Oxygen-regulated protein 1 Source.32: DFBPPR16671 ---- Animal proteins ---- Forkhead box protein I3 Source.33: DFBPPR17766 ---- Animal proteins ---- Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta Source.34: DFBPPR17903 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transcription initiation factor IIB Source.35: DFBPPR18328 ---- Animal proteins ---- Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase Source.36: DFBPPR18347 ---- Animal proteins ---- Nucleolar complex protein 2 homolog Source.37: DFBPPR18422 ---- Animal proteins ---- Endonuclease III-like protein 1 Source.38: DFBPPR18498 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase 1 Source.39: DFBPPR18777 ---- Animal proteins ---- Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-like 2 Source.40: DFBPPR18819 ---- Animal proteins ---- Proteasome activator complex subunit 4 Source.41: DFBPPR19172 ---- Animal proteins ---- Persulfide dioxygenase ETHE1, mitochondrial Source.42: DFBPPR19404 ---- Animal proteins ---- Microfibril-associated glycoprotein 4 Source.43: DFBPPR19474 ---- Animal proteins ---- Procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1 Source.44: DFBPPR20041 ---- Animal proteins ---- Arylacetamide deacetylase Source.45: DFBPPR20405 ---- Animal proteins ---- Oxygen-regulated protein 1 Source.46: DFBPPR20492 ---- Animal proteins ---- Microtubule-associated protein 10 Source.47: DFBPPR20543 ---- Animal proteins ---- Procollagen galactosyltransferase 1 Source.48: DFBPPR21002 ---- Animal proteins ---- Olfactomedin-like protein 2B Source.49: DFBPPR9220 ---- Animal proteins ---- Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor Source.50: DFBPPR11574 ---- Animal proteins ---- LHFPL tetraspan subfamily member 5 protein Source.51: DFBPPR11971 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein YIPF4 Source.52: DFBPPR12152 ---- Animal proteins ---- Asparagine synthetase domain-containing protein 1 Source.53: DFBPPR12421 ---- Animal proteins ---- Arylacetamide deacetylase Source.54: DFBPPR12840 ---- Animal proteins ---- Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor Source.55: DFBPPR14291 ---- Marine protein ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.56: DFBPPR14664 ---- Marine protein ---- NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 5 Source.57: DFBPPR15164 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Methionine aminopeptidase 2 Source.58: DFBPPR7757 ---- Plant protein ---- Photosystem II protein D1 Source.59: DFBPPR7775 ---- Plant protein ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.60: DFBPPR7929 ---- Plant protein ---- Photosystem II protein D1 Source.61: DFBPPR8031 ---- Plant protein ---- Photosystem II protein D1 Source.62: DFBPPR8048 ---- Plant protein ---- NADP-dependent malic enzyme Source.63: DFBPPR8050 ---- Plant protein ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.64: DFBPPR8216 ---- Plant protein ---- Photosystem II protein D1 Source.65: DFBPPR8226 ---- Plant protein ---- Photosystem II D2 protein
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

ACE-inhibitory activity	The peptide exhibited strong Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 10 uM.
Specific target protein(s)	Specific Target Protein(s): Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])([C@]([H])(CC)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Synthesis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	The peptides used in this study were synthesized by the solid-phase method.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

N.D

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPPEPI0054
[D2]	DFBPMUFU0408

[D3]

[D4]

[D5]

[D6]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Kohmura, M., Nio, N., Kubo, K., Minoshima, Y., Munekata, E., Ariyoshi, Y. Inhibition of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme by Synthetic Peptides of Human β-Casein. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry. 2014, 53, 2107-14. DOI: 10.1080/00021369.1989.10869621
Other literature(s)	N.D
PubDate	2014