Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPACEI0419(ACE-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPACEI0419
Peptide sequence	HLPLP
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	ACE-inhibitory peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	Antihypertensive activity ^[D1], Antioxidative activity ^[D2], Multifunctional activity ^[D3]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

His-Leu-Pro-Leu-Pro

Single-letter amino acid

HLPLP

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
576.3 Da	575.70 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

7.79 ^c

IC₅₀

41 μM, 21 uM^[2]

pIC₅₀

-1.613, -1.322

GRAVY

0.2400^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

80%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Animal
Organism/Source	Milk protein
Precursor protein	β-Casein
Residue position	f(149-153)
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR1798 ---- Plant proteins ---- UMP-CMP kinase 2 Source.2: DFBPPR3187 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable glucuronosyltransferase Os10g0205300 Source.3: DFBPPR4827 ---- Plant proteins ---- BURP domain-containing protein 1 Source.4: DFBPPR7605 ---- Milk proteins ---- Beta-casein Source.5: DFBPPR7665 ---- Milk proteins ---- Beta-casein Source.6: DFBPPR7692 ---- Milk proteins ---- Beta-casein Source.7: DFBPPR7700 ---- Milk proteins ---- Beta-casein Source.8: DFBPPR7718 ---- Milk proteins ---- Beta-casein Source.9: DFBPPR8489 ---- Milk proteins ---- Beta-casein Source.10: DFBPPR16229 ---- Animal proteins ---- 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A Source.11: DFBPPR16270 ---- Animal proteins ---- AP-4 complex subunit mu-1 Source.12: DFBPPR17683 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cyanocobalamin reductase / alkylcobalamin dealkylase Source.13: DFBPPR19085 ---- Animal proteins ---- AP-4 complex subunit mu-1 Source.14: DFBPPR21483 ---- Animal proteins ---- F-box/LRR-repeat protein 8 Source.15: DFBPPR13225 ---- Animal proteins ---- 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A Source.16: DFBPPR15017 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Serine/threonine-protein kinase TEL1
Link-research Inductive analysis	Link 1: DFBPACEI0418----Human milk protein----β-Casein

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

ACE-inhibitory activity	The peptide exhibited potent Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 41 μM.
Specific target protein(s)	Specific Target Protein(s): Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(CC1=CN=C-N1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Fermentation
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	Milk proteins was fermented with Lactobacillus (Lb.) helveticus NCC 2765.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

N.D

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPANHY0003
[D2]	DFBPANOX0710
[D3]	DFBPMUFU0116

[D4]

[D5]

[D6]

[D7]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Robert MC, Razaname A, Mutter M, Juillerat MA. Identification of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides derived from sodium caseinate hydrolysates produced by Lactobacillus helveticus NCC 2765. J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Nov 17;52(23):6923-31. PMID: 15537298 DOI: 10.1021/jf049510t
Other literature(s)	[1] Kohmura M, Nio N, Kubo K, et al. Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme by synthetic peptides of human. BETA.-casein[J]. Journal of the Agricultural Chemical Society of Japan, 1989, 53(8):2107-2114. [2] Hernandezledesma B, Quiros A, Amigo L, et al. Identification of bioactive peptides after digestion of human milk and infant formula with pepsin and pancreatin[J]. International Dairy Journal, 2007, 17(1):42-49. [3] Sánchez-Rivera L, Santos P F, Miralles B, et al. Peptide fragments from β-casein f(134–138), HLPLP, generated by the action of rat blood plasma peptidases show potent antihypertensive activity[J]. Food Research International, 2016, 88:348-353.
PubDate	2004