Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPACEI0793(ACE-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPACEI0793
Peptide sequence	AIYK
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	ACE-inhibitory peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	Antihypertensive activity ^[D1], Multifunctional activity ^[D2]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Ala-Ile-Tyr-Lys

Single-letter amino acid

AIYK

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	493.59 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

9.70 ^c

IC₅₀

213 uM

pIC₅₀

-2.328

GRAVY

0.2750^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

50%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Marine
Organism/Source	Wakame (Undaria pinnatifida)
Precursor protein	Wake hydrolysates
Residue position	N.D
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR0049 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.2: DFBPPR0860 ---- Plant proteins ---- Soluble starch synthase 3a, chloroplastic/amyloplastic Source.3: DFBPPR0956 ---- Plant proteins ---- LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase SIK1 Source.4: DFBPPR0974 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.5: DFBPPR1243 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein BIG GRAIN 1 Source.6: DFBPPR1767 ---- Plant proteins ---- Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase proenzyme 1, mitochondrial Source.7: DFBPPR2597 ---- Plant proteins ---- Leucine aminopeptidase Source.8: DFBPPR2603 ---- Plant proteins ---- Disease resistance protein Pik-2 Source.9: DFBPPR2713 ---- Plant proteins ---- Potassium channel KOR2 Source.10: DFBPPR2753 ---- Plant proteins ---- Transportin-1 Source.11: DFBPPR3008 ---- Plant proteins ---- Potassium channel KOR1 Source.12: DFBPPR3250 ---- Plant proteins ---- Disease resistance protein Pikm2-TS Source.13: DFBPPR4436 ---- Plant proteins ---- Disease resistance protein PIK6-NP Source.14: DFBPPR4471 ---- Plant proteins ---- Disease resistance protein Piks-2 Source.15: DFBPPR5537 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.16: DFBPPR5899 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ras-related protein Rab-2-B Source.17: DFBPPR5906 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ras-related protein Rab-2-A Source.18: DFBPPR6233 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.19: DFBPPR6627 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.20: DFBPPR7037 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.21: DFBPPR7728 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.22: DFBPPR8374 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.23: DFBPPR8427 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.24: DFBPPR15955 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cellular tumor antigen p53 Source.25: DFBPPR16081 ---- Animal proteins ---- Interferon-induced GTP-binding protein Mx1 Source.26: DFBPPR16437 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-4 Source.27: DFBPPR16445 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pancreatic secretory granule membrane major glycoprotein GP2 Source.28: DFBPPR16516 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cytospin-A Source.29: DFBPPR16949 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cellular tumor antigen p53 Source.30: DFBPPR17387 ---- Animal proteins ---- ATP-dependent DNA/RNA helicase DHX36 Source.31: DFBPPR17520 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 Source.32: DFBPPR18263 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neurocalcin-delta Source.33: DFBPPR18380 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cytosolic carboxypeptidase-like protein 5 Source.34: DFBPPR19147 ---- Animal proteins ---- X-linked retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator-interacting protein 1 Source.35: DFBPPR19449 ---- Animal proteins ---- SCO-spondin Source.36: DFBPPR19568 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neuron-specific calcium-binding protein hippocalcin Source.37: DFBPPR19788 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sulfotransferase family cytosolic 1B member 1 Source.38: DFBPPR19809 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hippocalcin-like protein 4 Source.39: DFBPPR20063 ---- Animal proteins ---- Histone H2B subacrosomal variant Source.40: DFBPPR20106 ---- Animal proteins ---- Visinin-like protein 1 Source.41: DFBPPR20255 ---- Animal proteins ---- Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1-associated protein 2-like protein 2 Source.42: DFBPPR20465 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hippocalcin-like protein 1 Source.43: DFBPPR21977 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein ARV1 Source.44: DFBPPR8706 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cellular tumor antigen p53 Source.45: DFBPPR8966 ---- Animal proteins ---- Calpain small subunit 1 Source.46: DFBPPR9216 ---- Animal proteins ---- Netrin-1 Source.47: DFBPPR9494 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neuron-specific calcium-binding protein hippocalcin Source.48: DFBPPR9509 ---- Animal proteins ---- Unconventional myosin-VIIa Source.49: DFBPPR9883 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hippocalcin-like protein 1 Source.50: DFBPPR10058 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prospero homeobox protein 1 Source.51: DFBPPR10112 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2 Source.52: DFBPPR10232 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4 Source.53: DFBPPR10406 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin heavy chain, skeletal muscle, adult Source.54: DFBPPR10460 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-4 Source.55: DFBPPR10588 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-1B Source.56: DFBPPR10646 ---- Animal proteins ---- Netrin-1 Source.57: DFBPPR10989 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2 Source.58: DFBPPR11073 ---- Animal proteins ---- Axin-1 Source.59: DFBPPR11219 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cytospin-A Source.60: DFBPPR11425 ---- Animal proteins ---- Secreted frizzled-related protein 1 Source.61: DFBPPR11448 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pterin-4-alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase 2 Source.62: DFBPPR11537 ---- Animal proteins ---- Regulator of G-protein signaling 20 Source.63: DFBPPR11715 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hippocalcin-like protein 1 Source.64: DFBPPR11731 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein polybromo-1 Source.65: DFBPPR11754 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neurocalcin-delta Source.66: DFBPPR11843 ---- Animal proteins ---- Visinin-like protein 1 Source.67: DFBPPR12304 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cellular tumor antigen p53 Source.68: DFBPPR12423 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hepatocyte growth factor receptor Source.69: DFBPPR12567 ---- Animal proteins ---- Calpain small subunit 1 Source.70: DFBPPR12955 ---- Animal proteins ---- Urea transporter 2 Source.71: DFBPPR13148 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cellular tumor antigen p53 Source.72: DFBPPR13572 ---- Animal proteins ---- mRNA decay activator protein ZFP36 Source.73: DFBPPR13581 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cellular tumor antigen p53 Source.74: DFBPPR13944 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hippocalcin-like protein 1 Source.75: DFBPPR14193 ---- Marine protein ---- ER membrane protein complex subunit 4 Source.76: DFBPPR14519 ---- Marine protein ---- Uncharacterized protein ycf21 Source.77: DFBPPR14555 ---- Marine protein ---- Vitellogenin Source.78: DFBPPR14575 ---- Marine protein ---- Cellular tumor antigen p53 Source.79: DFBPPR15047 ---- Microorganism protein ---- tRNA pseudouridine synthase 1 Source.80: DFBPPR15319 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Glucose transport transcription regulator RGT1 Source.81: DFBPPR15461 ---- Microorganism protein ---- EKC/KEOPS complex subunit CGI121 Source.82: DFBPPR7761 ---- Plant protein ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.83: DFBPPR7990 ---- Plant protein ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.84: DFBPPR8038 ---- Plant protein ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain Source.85: DFBPPR8220 ---- Plant protein ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

ACE-inhibitory activity	The peptide exhibited moderate Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 213 μM.
Specific target protein(s)	Specific Target Protein(s): Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])([C@]([H])(CC)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCCN)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	The peptide was separated from the peptic digest of protein prepared from wakame (Undaria pinnatifida).

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

Wakame is the most popular edible seaweed in Japan since ancient times, so that its safety is established. The purified peptide AIYK is a possible candidate for application as a dietary supplement or as a component of a functional food product.

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPANHY0023
[D2]	DFBPMUFU0175

[D3]

[D4]

[D5]

[D6]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Suetsuna, K., Nakano, T. Identification of an antihypertensive peptide from peptic digest of wakame (Undaria pinnatifida). The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 2000, 11, 450-4. DOI: 10.1016/s0955-2863(00)00110-8
Other literature(s)	[1] Shimizu M. Nutraceutical proteins and peptides in health and disease[J]. ACE Inhibitory Peptides, 2006:269-315.
PubDate	2000