Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPACEI1029(ACE-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPACEI1029
Peptide sequence	GLTSK
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	ACE-inhibitory peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	Antioxidative activity ^[D1], Anticancer activity ^[D2], Multifunctional activity ^[D3]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Gly-Leu-Thr-Ser-Lys

Single-letter amino acid

GLTSK

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	504.58 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

10.04 ^c

IC₅₀

65.4 ± 0.38 μM

pIC₅₀

-1.816

GRAVY

-0.4000^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

40%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Plant
Organism/Source	Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Precursor protein	Non-digestible fraction of common beans
Residue position	N.D
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR0951 ---- Plant proteins ---- Calpain-type cysteine protease ADL1 Source.2: DFBPPR3231 ---- Plant proteins ---- DEAD-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase 45 Source.3: DFBPPR3379 ---- Plant proteins ---- DEAD-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase 42 Source.4: DFBPPR4356 ---- Plant proteins ---- Mitochondrial outer membrane protein porin 4 Source.5: DFBPPR5222 ---- Plant proteins ---- 30S ribosomal protein S4, chloroplastic Source.6: DFBPPR5387 ---- Plant proteins ---- Calpain-type cysteine protease DEK1 Source.7: DFBPPR18296 ---- Animal proteins ---- Target of rapamycin complex 2 subunit MAPKAP1 Source.8: DFBPPR10183 ---- Animal proteins ---- Villin-1 Source.9: DFBPPR13845 ---- Animal proteins ---- Target of rapamycin complex 2 subunit MAPKAP1 Source.10: DFBPPR14037 ---- Animal proteins ---- Parvalbumin beta Source.11: DFBPPR14413 ---- Marine protein ---- 30S ribosomal protein S18, chloroplastic Source.12: DFBPPR8115 ---- Plant protein ---- 30S ribosomal protein S4, chloroplastic
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

ACE-inhibitory activity	The peptide exhibited potent Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 65.4 ± 0.38 uM.
Specific target protein(s)	Specific Target Protein(s): Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Non-bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

NCC(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])([C@]([H])(O)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CO)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCCN)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Synthesis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	The peptide GLTSK was synthesized by GenScript (Piscataway, NJ, USA) with a purity of > 98% based on the composition found in the non-digestible fraction of common beans.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

Docking calculations were carried out on human testicular angiotensin I-converting enzyme (PDB ID: 1UZE) protein models.

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPANOX0519
[D2]	DFBPANCA0017
[D3]	DFBPMUFU0212

[D4]

[D5]

[D6]

[D7]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Luna-Vital DA, González de Mejía E, Mendoza S, Loarca-Piña G. Peptides present in the non-digestible fraction of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) inhibit the angiotensin-I converting enzyme by interacting with its catalytic cavity independent of their antioxidant capacity. Food Funct. 2015 May;6(5):1470-9. PMID: 25881860 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00190k
Other literature(s)	N.D
PubDate	2015