Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPACEI1365(ACE-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPACEI1365
Peptide sequence	TVPY
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	ACE-inhibitory peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	N.D

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Thr-Val-Pro-Tyr

Single-letter amino acid

TVPY

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	478.54 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

5.92 ^c

IC₅₀

2.0 uM

pIC₅₀

-0.301

GRAVY

0.1500^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

50%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Plant
Organism/Source	Wheat
Precursor protein	Wheat germ hydrolysates
Residue position	N.D
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR1082 ---- Plant proteins ---- DNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunit Source.2: DFBPPR2087 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cytokinin dehydrogenase 10 Source.3: DFBPPR2484 ---- Plant proteins ---- Translation factor GUF1 homolog, mitochondrial Source.4: DFBPPR3816 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribonuclease 3-like protein 2 Source.5: DFBPPR3919 ---- Plant proteins ---- RecQ-mediated genome instability protein 1 Source.6: DFBPPR6487 ---- Plant proteins ---- Basic helix-loop-helix protein A Source.7: DFBPPR7351 ---- Plant proteins ---- 23 kDa jasmonate-induced protein Source.8: DFBPPR15952 ---- Animal proteins ---- Galectin-3 Source.9: DFBPPR16592 ---- Animal proteins ---- T-box transcription factor TBX4 Source.10: DFBPPR16873 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cationic trypsin Source.11: DFBPPR17312 ---- Animal proteins ---- Mitogen-activated protein kinase 7 Source.12: DFBPPR18808 ---- Animal proteins ---- Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 3A1 Source.13: DFBPPR19448 ---- Animal proteins ---- Trimethyllysine dioxygenase, mitochondrial Source.14: DFBPPR19805 ---- Animal proteins ---- Translation factor GUF1, mitochondrial Source.15: DFBPPR21835 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein misato homolog 1 Source.16: DFBPPR8664 ---- Animal proteins ---- Liver carboxylesterase Source.17: DFBPPR9521 ---- Animal proteins ---- Endothelin-3 Source.18: DFBPPR10332 ---- Animal proteins ---- Interphotoreceptor matrix proteoglycan 1 Source.19: DFBPPR10513 ---- Animal proteins ---- Parafibromin Source.20: DFBPPR10883 ---- Animal proteins ---- LARGE xylosyl- and glucuronyltransferase 2 Source.21: DFBPPR11168 ---- Animal proteins ---- Trimethyllysine dioxygenase, mitochondrial Source.22: DFBPPR11865 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 8 Source.23: DFBPPR11974 ---- Animal proteins ---- Adipocyte plasma membrane-associated protein Source.24: DFBPPR12920 ---- Animal proteins ---- Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 Source.25: DFBPPR12957 ---- Animal proteins ---- Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 Source.26: DFBPPR14299 ---- Marine protein ---- Phycobiliprotein ApcE Source.27: DFBPPR14365 ---- Marine protein ---- Phycobiliprotein ApcE Source.28: DFBPPR14510 ---- Marine protein ---- Tic20 family protein Ycf60 Source.29: DFBPPR15024 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Leucine aminopeptidase 2 Source.30: DFBPPR15853 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Polyphenol oxidase 4 Source.31: DFBPPR7791 ---- Plant protein ---- Translation factor GUF1 homolog, mitochondrial
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

ACE-inhibitory activity	The peptide exhibited strong Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 2.0 μM.
Specific target protein(s)	Specific Target Protein(s): Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])([C@]([H])(O)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C(C)C)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	The hydrolyzate with the most potent ACE inhibitory activity was obtained by 0.5 wt.%–8 h Bacillus licheniformis alkaline protease hydrolysis after 3.0 wt.%–3 h α-amylase treatment of defatted WG (IC₅₀: 0.37 mg protein ml⁻¹).

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

The purified peptide TVPY is a possible candidate for application as a dietary supplement or as a component of a functional food product.

Database cross-references

[D1]

[D2]

[D3]

[D4]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Matsui T, Li CH, Osajima Y. Preparation and characterization of novel bioactive peptides responsible for angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibition from wheat germ. J Pept Sci. 1999 Jul;5(7):289-97. PMID: 10442764 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1387(199907)5:7<289::AID-PSC196>3.0.CO;2-6
Other literature(s)	N.D
PubDate	1999