Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPACEI1404(ACE-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPACEI1404
Peptide sequence	APPH
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	ACE-inhibitory peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	N.D

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Ala-Pro-Pro-His

Single-letter amino acid

APPH

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
420.47 Da	420.46 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

6.79

IC₅₀

31.91 ± 4.00 μM

pIC₅₀

-1.504

GRAVY

-1.1500^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

75%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Animal
Organism/Source	Bovine meat proteins
Precursor protein	Myosin-2
Residue position	N.D
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR0810 ---- Plant proteins ---- APETALA2-like protein 1 Source.2: DFBPPR1016 ---- Plant proteins ---- Calcium-dependent protein kinase 12 Source.3: DFBPPR1703 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cyclin-B2-1 Source.4: DFBPPR1842 ---- Plant proteins ---- 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase DAO Source.5: DFBPPR1891 ---- Plant proteins ---- Transcription factor MYBS2 Source.6: DFBPPR2092 ---- Plant proteins ---- Transcription factor MYB80 Source.7: DFBPPR2312 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable GTP diphosphokinase RSH3, chloroplastic Source.8: DFBPPR2316 ---- Plant proteins ---- 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase 2, mitochondrial Source.9: DFBPPR2359 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable ion channel CASTOR Source.10: DFBPPR2536 ---- Plant proteins ---- Heat stress transcription factor B-4c Source.11: DFBPPR2667 ---- Plant proteins ---- Germin-like protein 3-1 Source.12: DFBPPR2958 ---- Plant proteins ---- Homeobox-leucine zipper protein HOX21 Source.13: DFBPPR3171 ---- Plant proteins ---- Putrescine hydroxycinnamoyltransferase Source.14: DFBPPR3200 ---- Plant proteins ---- Two-component response regulator ORR11 Source.15: DFBPPR3794 ---- Plant proteins ---- UDP-D-apiose/UDP-D-xylose synthase Source.16: DFBPPR4007 ---- Plant proteins ---- Zinc-finger homeodomain protein 7 Source.17: DFBPPR4115 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cyclin-B1-2 Source.18: DFBPPR4160 ---- Plant proteins ---- Squamosa promoter-binding-like protein 10 Source.19: DFBPPR4448 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable sodium/metabolite cotransporter BASS4, chloroplastic Source.20: DFBPPR4695 ---- Plant proteins ---- SNW/SKI-interacting protein B Source.21: DFBPPR5570 ---- Plant proteins ---- ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial Source.22: DFBPPR5572 ---- Plant proteins ---- CRM-domain containing factor CFM3, chloroplastic/mitochondrial Source.23: DFBPPR6392 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cytochrome f Source.24: DFBPPR16089 ---- Animal proteins ---- Metalloproteinase inhibitor 1 Source.25: DFBPPR16095 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-7 Source.26: DFBPPR16128 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cubilin Source.27: DFBPPR16302 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-2 Source.28: DFBPPR16380 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-8 Source.29: DFBPPR16418 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-1 Source.30: DFBPPR16437 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-4 Source.31: DFBPPR16438 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-13 Source.32: DFBPPR16878 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prostacyclin synthase Source.33: DFBPPR17076 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ras-related protein Rab-3A Source.34: DFBPPR17557 ---- Animal proteins ---- Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A Source.35: DFBPPR18475 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-2 Source.36: DFBPPR18772 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-7 Source.37: DFBPPR18799 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-1 Source.38: DFBPPR19154 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cytoplasmic dynein 1 intermediate chain 2 Source.39: DFBPPR19901 ---- Animal proteins ---- Aspartate--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic Source.40: DFBPPR19936 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myelin-associated neurite-outgrowth inhibitor Source.41: DFBPPR20303 ---- Animal proteins ---- Aspartate--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial Source.42: DFBPPR20329 ---- Animal proteins ---- Meiosis regulator and mRNA stability factor 1 Source.43: DFBPPR20684 ---- Animal proteins ---- Doublesex- and mab-3-related transcription factor A2 Source.44: DFBPPR20722 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine beta-lactamase-like protein LACTB, mitochondrial Source.45: DFBPPR21437 ---- Animal proteins ---- Distal membrane-arm assembly complex protein 2 Source.46: DFBPPR21929 ---- Animal proteins ---- Elongation factor 1-gamma Source.47: DFBPPR21969 ---- Animal proteins ---- 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase-like protein 1 Source.48: DFBPPR22434 ---- Animal proteins ---- UPF0692 protein C19orf54 homolog Source.49: DFBPPR22537 ---- Animal proteins ---- Radial spoke head 10 homolog B Source.50: DFBPPR22651 ---- Animal proteins ---- Spermatogenesis-associated protein 2-like protein Source.51: DFBPPR22666 ---- Animal proteins ---- Uncharacterized protein C12orf50 homolog Source.52: DFBPPR8776 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein kinase WNK1 Source.53: DFBPPR8832 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ras-related protein Rab-3A Source.54: DFBPPR9023 ---- Animal proteins ---- Forkhead box protein L2 Source.55: DFBPPR9197 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-7 Source.56: DFBPPR9305 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-4 Source.57: DFBPPR9398 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-2 Source.58: DFBPPR9405 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-1 Source.59: DFBPPR9663 ---- Animal proteins ---- Elongation factor 1-gamma Source.60: DFBPPR9683 ---- Animal proteins ---- Calpastatin Source.61: DFBPPR9871 ---- Animal proteins ---- DNA-binding protein inhibitor ID-4 Source.62: DFBPPR10406 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin heavy chain, skeletal muscle, adult Source.63: DFBPPR10588 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-1B Source.64: DFBPPR10720 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 11 Source.65: DFBPPR11175 ---- Animal proteins ---- Oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 Source.66: DFBPPR11252 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transcription factor RelB homolog Source.67: DFBPPR11893 ---- Animal proteins ---- Laminin subunit beta-1 variant Source.68: DFBPPR12484 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-4 Source.69: DFBPPR12841 ---- Animal proteins ---- Forkhead box protein L2 Source.70: DFBPPR12986 ---- Animal proteins ---- Elongation factor 1-gamma Source.71: DFBPPR13291 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-7 Source.72: DFBPPR13314 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-1 Source.73: DFBPPR13317 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-2 Source.74: DFBPPR13398 ---- Animal proteins ---- Elongation factor 1-gamma Source.75: DFBPPR13435 ---- Animal proteins ---- Forkhead box protein L2 Source.76: DFBPPR13990 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin heavy chain, fast skeletal muscle Source.77: DFBPPR14847 ---- Marine protein ---- Cuticle protein AMP2 Source.78: DFBPPR14848 ---- Marine protein ---- Cuticle protein AMP3 Source.79: DFBPPR14849 ---- Marine protein ---- Cuticle protein AMP4 Source.80: DFBPPR14850 ---- Marine protein ---- Cuticle protein AMP1B Source.81: DFBPPR14851 ---- Marine protein ---- Cuticle protein AMP1A
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

ACE-inhibitory activity	The peptide exhibited potent Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 31.91 ± 4.00 μM.
Specific target protein(s)	Specific Target Protein(s): Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC1=CN=C-N1)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	The peptide was released following hydrolysis with the enzyme thermolysin.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	During the simulated GI digestion (including pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin), the peptide APPH was not cleaved.
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

N.D

Database cross-references

[D1]

[D2]

[D3]

[D4]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Lafarga T, O'Connor P, Hayes M. Identification of novel dipeptidyl peptidase-IV and angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from meat proteins using in silico analysis. Peptides. 2014 Sep;59:53-62. PMID: 25020248 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.07.005
Other literature(s)	N.D
PubDate	2014