Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPACEI1485(ACE-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPACEI1485
Peptide sequence	EVLP
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	ACE-inhibitory peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	N.D

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Glu-Val-Leu-Pro

Single-letter amino acid

EVLP

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	456.53 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

3.34 ^c

IC₅₀

> 1000 μM

pIC₅₀

> -3.0

GRAVY

0.7250^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

75%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Human
Organism/Source	Human milk protein
Precursor protein	β-Casein
Residue position	f(167-170)
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR0971 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein STAR1 Source.2: DFBPPR1248 ---- Plant proteins ---- Glycosyltransferase BC10 Source.3: DFBPPR1428 ---- Plant proteins ---- Inositol 3-kinase Source.4: DFBPPR1485 ---- Plant proteins ---- Pheophorbide a oxygenase, chloroplastic Source.5: DFBPPR1592 ---- Plant proteins ---- Adenylosuccinate synthetase 1, chloroplastic Source.6: DFBPPR1599 ---- Plant proteins ---- Adenylosuccinate synthetase 2, chloroplastic Source.7: DFBPPR1630 ---- Plant proteins ---- Exportin-T Source.8: DFBPPR1652 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.9: DFBPPR1956 ---- Plant proteins ---- Aminopeptidase M1-A Source.10: DFBPPR2170 ---- Plant proteins ---- Signal peptide peptidase-like 3 Source.11: DFBPPR2314 ---- Plant proteins ---- Phosphoacetylglucosamine mutase Source.12: DFBPPR2509 ---- Plant proteins ---- Magnesium transporter MRS2-A, chloroplastic Source.13: DFBPPR2794 ---- Plant proteins ---- FACT complex subunit SPT16 Source.14: DFBPPR2872 ---- Plant proteins ---- Tryptophan decarboxylase 2 Source.15: DFBPPR2940 ---- Plant proteins ---- Sialyltransferase-like protein 5 Source.16: DFBPPR2986 ---- Plant proteins ---- 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol kinase, chloroplastic Source.17: DFBPPR3086 ---- Plant proteins ---- Homeobox-leucine zipper protein HOX33 Source.18: DFBPPR3099 ---- Plant proteins ---- Putative GTP diphosphokinase RSH1, chloroplastic Source.19: DFBPPR3163 ---- Plant proteins ---- Homeobox-leucine zipper protein HOX32 Source.20: DFBPPR3234 ---- Plant proteins ---- Putative homeobox-leucine zipper protein HOX26 Source.21: DFBPPR3384 ---- Plant proteins ---- Putative coatomer subunit beta'-3 Source.22: DFBPPR3445 ---- Plant proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR Source.23: DFBPPR3479 ---- Plant proteins ---- Expansin-like A1 Source.24: DFBPPR3589 ---- Plant proteins ---- Expansin-like A2 Source.25: DFBPPR3607 ---- Plant proteins ---- Expansin-like A3 Source.26: DFBPPR3672 ---- Plant proteins ---- Coatomer subunit beta'-2 Source.27: DFBPPR3909 ---- Plant proteins ---- LIM domain-containing protein PLIM2b Source.28: DFBPPR4165 ---- Plant proteins ---- Heptahelical transmembrane protein ADIPOR3 Source.29: DFBPPR4238 ---- Plant proteins ---- Putative magnesium transporter MRS2-H Source.30: DFBPPR4246 ---- Plant proteins ---- Expansin-like A4 Source.31: DFBPPR4284 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein IN2-1 homolog B Source.32: DFBPPR4374 ---- Plant proteins ---- WUSCHEL-related homeobox 10 Source.33: DFBPPR4477 ---- Plant proteins ---- Formin-like protein 3 Source.34: DFBPPR5003 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable glutathione S-transferase Source.35: DFBPPR5034 ---- Plant proteins ---- 15-cis-phytoene desaturase, chloroplastic/chromoplastic Source.36: DFBPPR5063 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.37: DFBPPR5477 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.38: DFBPPR5478 ---- Plant proteins ---- 1,4-alpha-glucan-branching enzyme 2, chloroplastic/amyloplastic Source.39: DFBPPR5516 ---- Plant proteins ---- Inositol 3-kinase Source.40: DFBPPR5581 ---- Plant proteins ---- Adenylosuccinate synthetase, chloroplastic Source.41: DFBPPR5800 ---- Plant proteins ---- Riboflavin biosynthesis protein PYRD, chloroplastic Source.42: DFBPPR6232 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.43: DFBPPR6626 ---- Plant proteins ---- Alpha-amylase inhibitor 0.28 Source.44: DFBPPR6662 ---- Plant proteins ---- 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate synthase 2, chloroplastic Source.45: DFBPPR6663 ---- Plant proteins ---- 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate synthase 1, chloroplastic Source.46: DFBPPR6671 ---- Plant proteins ---- Phosphoribulokinase, chloroplastic Source.47: DFBPPR6675 ---- Plant proteins ---- Adenylosuccinate synthetase, chloroplastic Source.48: DFBPPR6710 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.49: DFBPPR7017 ---- Plant proteins ---- Glutamyl-tRNA reductase 1, chloroplastic Source.50: DFBPPR7039 ---- Plant proteins ---- Nitrate reductase [NAD(P)H] Source.51: DFBPPR7054 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.52: DFBPPR8453 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.53: DFBPPR15965 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dystroglycan Source.54: DFBPPR15983 ---- Animal proteins ---- Tight junction protein ZO-1 Source.55: DFBPPR16125 ---- Animal proteins ---- Heat shock factor protein 4 Source.56: DFBPPR16133 ---- Animal proteins ---- Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit beta Source.57: DFBPPR16147 ---- Animal proteins ---- Telomerase reverse transcriptase Source.58: DFBPPR16663 ---- Animal proteins ---- Involucrin Source.59: DFBPPR16857 ---- Animal proteins ---- Plasma serine protease inhibitor Source.60: DFBPPR17065 ---- Animal proteins ---- 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase alpha Source.61: DFBPPR17135 ---- Animal proteins ---- Histidine-rich glycoprotein Source.62: DFBPPR17291 ---- Animal proteins ---- Heat shock factor protein 1 Source.63: DFBPPR17351 ---- Animal proteins ---- Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2 Source.64: DFBPPR17539 ---- Animal proteins ---- Alpha-1,3-mannosyl-glycoprotein 4-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase A Source.65: DFBPPR17558 ---- Animal proteins ---- Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B1 Source.66: DFBPPR17602 ---- Animal proteins ---- Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit beta Source.67: DFBPPR17737 ---- Animal proteins ---- Inactive serine/threonine-protein kinase TEX14 Source.68: DFBPPR18019 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prostatic acid phosphatase Source.69: DFBPPR18035 ---- Animal proteins ---- Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein large subunit Source.70: DFBPPR18043 ---- Animal proteins ---- Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 6 Source.71: DFBPPR18582 ---- Animal proteins ---- Retinol-binding protein 3 Source.72: DFBPPR18849 ---- Animal proteins ---- E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MARCHF3 Source.73: DFBPPR18918 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 5 Source.74: DFBPPR18921 ---- Animal proteins ---- E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM11 Source.75: DFBPPR19018 ---- Animal proteins ---- Interferon regulatory factor 5 Source.76: DFBPPR19182 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protoporphyrinogen oxidase Source.77: DFBPPR19234 ---- Animal proteins ---- tRNA (adenine(58)-N(1))-methyltransferase catalytic subunit TRMT61A Source.78: DFBPPR19429 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein Spindly Source.79: DFBPPR19587 ---- Animal proteins ---- Volume-regulated anion channel subunit LRRC8C Source.80: DFBPPR20269 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ras-related and estrogen-regulated growth inhibitor Source.81: DFBPPR20298 ---- Animal proteins ---- Translation initiation factor eIF-2B subunit beta Source.82: DFBPPR20303 ---- Animal proteins ---- Aspartate--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial Source.83: DFBPPR20362 ---- Animal proteins ---- [Protein ADP-ribosylarginine] hydrolase Source.84: DFBPPR20369 ---- Animal proteins ---- NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 Source.85: DFBPPR20509 ---- Animal proteins ---- Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitor 1 Source.86: DFBPPR20617 ---- Animal proteins ---- GTPase-activating protein and VPS9 domain-containing protein 1 Source.87: DFBPPR20781 ---- Animal proteins ---- Proline dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial Source.88: DFBPPR20812 ---- Animal proteins ---- SEC14-like protein 2 Source.89: DFBPPR20981 ---- Animal proteins ---- Tudor domain-containing protein 7 Source.90: DFBPPR20997 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prefoldin subunit 2 Source.91: DFBPPR21189 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dynein assembly factor 1, axonemal Source.92: DFBPPR21200 ---- Animal proteins ---- RAB6A-GEF complex partner protein 2 Source.93: DFBPPR21288 ---- Animal proteins ---- Polycomb group RING finger protein 1 Source.94: DFBPPR21434 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ankyrin repeat and SOCS box protein 15 Source.95: DFBPPR21868 ---- Animal proteins ---- RAB6-interacting golgin Source.96: DFBPPR21975 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein AAR2 homolog Source.97: DFBPPR22040 ---- Animal proteins ---- Zinc finger CCHC domain-containing protein 12 Source.98: DFBPPR22206 ---- Animal proteins ---- Promotilin Source.99: DFBPPR22448 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transmembrane and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 5B Source.100: DFBPPR22553 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein FAM114A2 Source.101: DFBPPR8773 ---- Animal proteins ---- DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha Source.102: DFBPPR8825 ---- Animal proteins ---- Optineurin Source.103: DFBPPR9030 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-hexosaminidase subunit beta Source.104: DFBPPR9252 ---- Animal proteins ---- Selenide, water dikinase 2 Source.105: DFBPPR9627 ---- Animal proteins ---- Odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein Source.106: DFBPPR9975 ---- Animal proteins ---- Interleukin-10 Source.107: DFBPPR10050 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protocadherin-15 Source.108: DFBPPR10127 ---- Animal proteins ---- Heat shock factor protein 1 Source.109: DFBPPR10257 ---- Animal proteins ---- Inner centromere protein Source.110: DFBPPR10368 ---- Animal proteins ---- Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase B Source.111: DFBPPR10369 ---- Animal proteins ---- Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase B Source.112: DFBPPR10631 ---- Animal proteins ---- Kinetochore protein Nuf2 Source.113: DFBPPR10660 ---- Animal proteins ---- Tsukushin Source.114: DFBPPR10795 ---- Animal proteins ---- Amidophosphoribosyltransferase Source.115: DFBPPR10910 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial Source.116: DFBPPR10978 ---- Animal proteins ---- Alpha-1,3-mannosyl-glycoprotein 4-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase A Source.117: DFBPPR11158 ---- Animal proteins ---- Phosphatase and actin regulator 1 Source.118: DFBPPR11461 ---- Animal proteins ---- Solute carrier family 25 member 46 Source.119: DFBPPR11531 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein AATF Source.120: DFBPPR11770 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein fem-1 homolog B Source.121: DFBPPR11828 ---- Animal proteins ---- Spindlin-Z Source.122: DFBPPR11856 ---- Animal proteins ---- Spindlin-W Source.123: DFBPPR12229 ---- Animal proteins ---- Out at first protein homolog Source.124: DFBPPR12303 ---- Animal proteins ---- Histidine-rich glycoprotein Source.125: DFBPPR12320 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dystroglycan Source.126: DFBPPR12388 ---- Animal proteins ---- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S Source.127: DFBPPR12596 ---- Animal proteins ---- Alpha-sarcoglycan Source.128: DFBPPR12804 ---- Animal proteins ---- Fibrinogen beta chain Source.129: DFBPPR12813 ---- Animal proteins ---- Translation initiation factor eIF-2B subunit beta Source.130: DFBPPR12950 ---- Animal proteins ---- Vitamin D-binding protein Source.131: DFBPPR13582 ---- Animal proteins ---- 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase alpha Source.132: DFBPPR13629 ---- Animal proteins ---- Copper-transporting ATPase 2 Source.133: DFBPPR14291 ---- Marine protein ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.134: DFBPPR14338 ---- Marine protein ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.135: DFBPPR14339 ---- Marine protein ---- Light-independent protochlorophyllide reductase iron-sulfur ATP-binding protein Source.136: DFBPPR14912 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Heat shock factor protein Source.137: DFBPPR14991 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Actin cytoskeleton-regulatory complex protein PAN1 Source.138: DFBPPR15068 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Translation factor GUF1, mitochondrial Source.139: DFBPPR15099 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Glucose N-acetyltransferase 1-A Source.140: DFBPPR15147 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase, mitochondrial Source.141: DFBPPR15479 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP) Source.142: DFBPPR15548 ---- Microorganism protein ---- U3 small nucleolar RNA-associated protein 25 Source.143: DFBPPR15628 ---- Microorganism protein ---- DNA-binding protein REB1 Source.144: DFBPPR7764 ---- Plant protein ---- Zingiberene synthase Source.145: DFBPPR7770 ---- Plant protein ---- Adenylosuccinate synthetase 1, chloroplastic Source.146: DFBPPR7775 ---- Plant protein ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.147: DFBPPR8050 ---- Plant protein ---- Photosystem II D2 protein Source.148: DFBPPR8226 ---- Plant protein ---- Photosystem II D2 protein
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

ACE-inhibitory activity	The peptide exhibited very weak Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of > 1000 uM.
Specific target protein(s)	Specific Target Protein(s): Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Synthesis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	The peptides used in this study were synthesized by the solid-phase method.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

N.D

Database cross-references

[D1]

[D2]

[D3]

[D4]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Kohmura, M., Nio, N., Kubo, K., Minoshima, Y., Munekata, E., Ariyoshi, Y. Inhibition of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme by Synthetic Peptides of Human β-Casein. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry. 2014, 53, 2107-14. DOI: 10.1080/00021369.1989.10869621
Other literature(s)	N.D
PubDate	2014