Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPACEI1652(ACE-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPACEI1652
Peptide sequence	YQY
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	ACE-inhibitory peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	Antihypertensive activity ^[D1], Multifunctional activity ^[D2]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Tyr-Gln-Tyr

Single-letter amino acid

YQY

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	472.50 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

5.87 ^c

IC₅₀

4 uM

pIC₅₀

-0.602

GRAVY

-2.0333^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

0%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Plant
Organism/Source	Buckwheat
Precursor protein	Buckwheat protein hydrolysates
Residue position	N.D
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR0866 ---- Plant proteins ---- Kinesin-like protein KIN-14Q Source.2: DFBPPR0872 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 6 Source.3: DFBPPR0909 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 12 Source.4: DFBPPR0927 ---- Plant proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR Source.5: DFBPPR0983 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-fructofuranosidase, insoluble isoenzyme 2 Source.6: DFBPPR1147 ---- Plant proteins ---- ABC transporter C family member 13 Source.7: DFBPPR1225 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein phosphatase 2C 35 Source.8: DFBPPR1270 ---- Plant proteins ---- Brassinosteroid LRR receptor kinase BRL1 Source.9: DFBPPR1328 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable ethylene response sensor 1 Source.10: DFBPPR1354 ---- Plant proteins ---- Brassinosteroid LRR receptor kinase BRL3 Source.11: DFBPPR1416 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-fructofuranosidase, insoluble isoenzyme 4 Source.12: DFBPPR1424 ---- Plant proteins ---- Germin-like protein 8-14 Source.13: DFBPPR1470 ---- Plant proteins ---- Alpha-galactosidase Source.14: DFBPPR1474 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-fructofuranosidase, insoluble isoenzyme 7 Source.15: DFBPPR1475 ---- Plant proteins ---- Glutamate receptor 3.1 Source.16: DFBPPR1534 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-fructofuranosidase, insoluble isoenzyme 5 Source.17: DFBPPR1604 ---- Plant proteins ---- Putative bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase Source.18: DFBPPR1675 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein LSD1 Source.19: DFBPPR1709 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-fructofuranosidase, insoluble isoenzyme 1 Source.20: DFBPPR1747 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable apyrase 2 Source.21: DFBPPR1774 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable apyrase 1 Source.22: DFBPPR1787 ---- Plant proteins ---- Inositol-3-phosphate synthase 1 Source.23: DFBPPR1827 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-fructofuranosidase, insoluble isoenzyme 3 Source.24: DFBPPR1903 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable apyrase 3 Source.25: DFBPPR2074 ---- Plant proteins ---- Potassium transporter 7 Source.26: DFBPPR2219 ---- Plant proteins ---- DNA excision repair protein CSB Source.27: DFBPPR2265 ---- Plant proteins ---- ABC transporter G family member 52 Source.28: DFBPPR2318 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable chromatin-remodeling complex ATPase chain Source.29: DFBPPR2353 ---- Plant proteins ---- Expansin-B12 Source.30: DFBPPR2427 ---- Plant proteins ---- (6-4)DNA photolyase Source.31: DFBPPR2513 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 25 Source.32: DFBPPR2530 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 20 Source.33: DFBPPR2543 ---- Plant proteins ---- DNA topoisomerase 3-beta Source.34: DFBPPR2682 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 30 Source.35: DFBPPR2701 ---- Plant proteins ---- 2-methoxy-6-polyprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol methylase, mitochondrial Source.36: DFBPPR2702 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 27 Source.37: DFBPPR2789 ---- Plant proteins ---- NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit 5, chloroplastic Source.38: DFBPPR2795 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein THYLAKOID FORMATION1, chloroplastic Source.39: DFBPPR2832 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable histone acetyltransferase HAC-like 1 Source.40: DFBPPR2848 ---- Plant proteins ---- DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta'' Source.41: DFBPPR2858 ---- Plant proteins ---- Proton pump-interactor BIP103 Source.42: DFBPPR2859 ---- Plant proteins ---- Proton pump-interactor BIP131 Source.43: DFBPPR2882 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable histone acetyltransferase HAC-like 2 Source.44: DFBPPR2993 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 5 Source.45: DFBPPR3025 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable protein phosphatase 2C 26 Source.46: DFBPPR3043 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 24 Source.47: DFBPPR3071 ---- Plant proteins ---- ABC transporter G family member 45 Source.48: DFBPPR3077 ---- Plant proteins ---- ABC transporter G family member 31 Source.49: DFBPPR3088 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 34 Source.50: DFBPPR3104 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 3 Source.51: DFBPPR3105 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 21 Source.52: DFBPPR3109 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 28 Source.53: DFBPPR3139 ---- Plant proteins ---- Chaperone protein ClpC1, chloroplastic Source.54: DFBPPR3173 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 29 Source.55: DFBPPR3282 ---- Plant proteins ---- Putative beta-glucosidase 35 Source.56: DFBPPR3303 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 2 Source.57: DFBPPR3317 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 13 Source.58: DFBPPR3355 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 22 Source.59: DFBPPR3428 ---- Plant proteins ---- Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 8 homolog A, chloroplastic Source.60: DFBPPR3503 ---- Plant proteins ---- Kinesin-like protein KIN-14P Source.61: DFBPPR3585 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable potassium transporter 2 Source.62: DFBPPR3632 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 4 Source.63: DFBPPR3644 ---- Plant proteins ---- Chaperone protein ClpC3, chloroplastic Source.64: DFBPPR3645 ---- Plant proteins ---- Chaperone protein ClpC2, chloroplastic Source.65: DFBPPR3900 ---- Plant proteins ---- Growth-regulating factor 11 Source.66: DFBPPR4135 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable protein phosphatase 2C 31 Source.67: DFBPPR4301 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein argonaute 16 Source.68: DFBPPR4439 ---- Plant proteins ---- Copper transporter 5.1 Source.69: DFBPPR4653 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein MEI2-like 7 Source.70: DFBPPR4762 ---- Plant proteins ---- Zinc finger CCCH domain-containing protein 35 Source.71: DFBPPR4902 ---- Plant proteins ---- Endoribonuclease Dicer homolog 1 Source.72: DFBPPR4921 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable ethylene response sensor 2 Source.73: DFBPPR4946 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-fructofuranosidase, insoluble isoenzyme 6 Source.74: DFBPPR5174 ---- Plant proteins ---- NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit 5, chloroplastic Source.75: DFBPPR5221 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein TIC 214 Source.76: DFBPPR5294 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein Ycf2 Source.77: DFBPPR5522 ---- Plant proteins ---- ABC transporter C family MRP4 Source.78: DFBPPR5543 ---- Plant proteins ---- Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase Source.79: DFBPPR5584 ---- Plant proteins ---- GRF-interacting factor 10 Source.80: DFBPPR5770 ---- Plant proteins ---- Caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase 1 Source.81: DFBPPR5775 ---- Plant proteins ---- Caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase 2 Source.82: DFBPPR5814 ---- Plant proteins ---- NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit 5, chloroplastic Source.83: DFBPPR5858 ---- Plant proteins ---- DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta'' Source.84: DFBPPR5874 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-fructofuranosidase, cell wall isozyme Source.85: DFBPPR6008 ---- Plant proteins ---- Zein-beta Source.86: DFBPPR6394 ---- Plant proteins ---- Chaperone protein ClpC, chloroplastic Source.87: DFBPPR6417 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-fructofuranosidase, cell wall isozyme Source.88: DFBPPR6456 ---- Plant proteins ---- Nucleoside-triphosphatase Source.89: DFBPPR6458 ---- Plant proteins ---- Convicilin Source.90: DFBPPR6689 ---- Plant proteins ---- Fructan 1-exohydrolase w1 Source.91: DFBPPR6715 ---- Plant proteins ---- Fructan 1-exohydrolase w3 Source.92: DFBPPR6720 ---- Plant proteins ---- Fructan 1-exohydrolase w2 Source.93: DFBPPR6741 ---- Plant proteins ---- Fructan 6-exohydrolase Source.94: DFBPPR6831 ---- Plant proteins ---- NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit 5, chloroplastic Source.95: DFBPPR6839 ---- Plant proteins ---- DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta'' Source.96: DFBPPR7057 ---- Plant proteins ---- Pyrophosphate-energized vacuolar membrane proton pump Source.97: DFBPPR7187 ---- Plant proteins ---- NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit 5, chloroplastic Source.98: DFBPPR7205 ---- Plant proteins ---- DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta'' Source.99: DFBPPR7230 ---- Plant proteins ---- Fructan 1-exohydrolase Source.100: DFBPPR7349 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cold-regulated protein 2 Source.101: DFBPPR7476 ---- Plant proteins ---- ATP-dependent Clp protease ATP-binding subunit ClpA homolog, chloroplastic Source.102: DFBPPR7600 ---- Milk proteins ---- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 Source.103: DFBPPR7616 ---- Milk proteins ---- Macrophage mannose receptor 1 Source.104: DFBPPR7664 ---- Milk proteins ---- Alpha-S2-casein Source.105: DFBPPR7673 ---- Milk proteins ---- Kappa-casein Source.106: DFBPPR7679 ---- Milk proteins ---- Alpha-S2-casein Source.107: DFBPPR8421 ---- Plant proteins ---- 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase B Source.108: DFBPPR8430 ---- Plant proteins ---- NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit 5, chloroplastic Source.109: DFBPPR8511 ---- Milk proteins ---- Transcobalamin-2 Source.110: DFBPPR15980 ---- Animal proteins ---- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha Source.111: DFBPPR16078 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ras-related protein Rab-27A Source.112: DFBPPR16095 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-7 Source.113: DFBPPR16150 ---- Animal proteins ---- Chloride channel protein 1 Source.114: DFBPPR16151 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit Source.115: DFBPPR16220 ---- Animal proteins ---- Deoxyribonuclease-1 Source.116: DFBPPR16248 ---- Animal proteins ---- Abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein homolog Source.117: DFBPPR16271 ---- Animal proteins ---- Proteasome subunit beta type-8 Source.118: DFBPPR16276 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein transport protein Sec61 subunit alpha isoform 1 Source.119: DFBPPR16330 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pachytene checkpoint protein 2 homolog Source.120: DFBPPR16332 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transcription factor 4 Source.121: DFBPPR16333 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transcription factor 4 Source.122: DFBPPR16462 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pantetheinase Source.123: DFBPPR16575 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dystrophin Source.124: DFBPPR16586 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-crystallin B2 Source.125: DFBPPR16592 ---- Animal proteins ---- T-box transcription factor TBX4 Source.126: DFBPPR16612 ---- Animal proteins ---- T-box transcription factor TBX19 Source.127: DFBPPR16653 ---- Animal proteins ---- Clusterin-like protein 1 Source.128: DFBPPR16815 ---- Animal proteins ---- Deoxyribonuclease-1 Source.129: DFBPPR16941 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger 1 Source.130: DFBPPR16951 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prostaglandin E synthase 2 Source.131: DFBPPR17303 ---- Animal proteins ---- Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha Source.132: DFBPPR17336 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit Source.133: DFBPPR17342 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 16B Source.134: DFBPPR17450 ---- Animal proteins ---- Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L3 Source.135: DFBPPR17489 ---- Animal proteins ---- Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L2 Source.136: DFBPPR17508 ---- Animal proteins ---- General transcription and DNA repair factor IIH helicase subunit XPD Source.137: DFBPPR17550 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK4 Source.138: DFBPPR17680 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-crystallin B2 Source.139: DFBPPR17780 ---- Animal proteins ---- Acetylcholinesterase Source.140: DFBPPR17789 ---- Animal proteins ---- Secretory phospholipase A2 receptor Source.141: DFBPPR17821 ---- Animal proteins ---- 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase Source.142: DFBPPR18032 ---- Animal proteins ---- Insulin-induced gene 1 protein Source.143: DFBPPR18040 ---- Animal proteins ---- Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F Source.144: DFBPPR18100 ---- Animal proteins ---- Derlin-1 Source.145: DFBPPR18171 ---- Animal proteins ---- Anionic trypsin Source.146: DFBPPR18334 ---- Animal proteins ---- Metalloproteinase inhibitor 3 Source.147: DFBPPR18343 ---- Animal proteins ---- Inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatase Source.148: DFBPPR18430 ---- Animal proteins ---- cAMP-responsive element-binding protein-like 2 Source.149: DFBPPR18456 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-crystallin B1 Source.150: DFBPPR18739 ---- Animal proteins ---- Bone morphogenetic protein 3 Source.151: DFBPPR18772 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-7 Source.152: DFBPPR18815 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pantetheinase Source.153: DFBPPR18880 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein Jade-1 Source.154: DFBPPR18922 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein O-linked-mannose beta-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2 Source.155: DFBPPR19001 ---- Animal proteins ---- General transcription factor II-I Source.156: DFBPPR19003 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein lin-7 homolog A Source.157: DFBPPR19061 ---- Animal proteins ---- RNA-binding protein 5 Source.158: DFBPPR19065 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cadherin-6 Source.159: DFBPPR19074 ---- Animal proteins ---- Lysophosphatidic acid phosphatase type 6 Source.160: DFBPPR19136 ---- Animal proteins ---- Proteasome subunit beta type-5 Source.161: DFBPPR19237 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cadherin-18 Source.162: DFBPPR19242 ---- Animal proteins ---- Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase Source.163: DFBPPR19302 ---- Animal proteins ---- Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 12 Source.164: DFBPPR19358 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-crystallin A3 Source.165: DFBPPR19416 ---- Animal proteins ---- Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase Source.166: DFBPPR19457 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein NDRG2 Source.167: DFBPPR19476 ---- Animal proteins ---- Rho GTPase-activating protein 7 Source.168: DFBPPR19503 ---- Animal proteins ---- DCN1-like protein 5 Source.169: DFBPPR19625 ---- Animal proteins ---- Angiomotin-like protein 2 Source.170: DFBPPR19688 ---- Animal proteins ---- TBC1 domain family member 2A Source.171: DFBPPR19699 ---- Animal proteins ---- Endophilin-B1 Source.172: DFBPPR19729 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transmembrane protein 106B Source.173: DFBPPR19865 ---- Animal proteins ---- 2-methoxy-6-polyprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol methylase, mitochondrial Source.174: DFBPPR19905 ---- Animal proteins ---- Complement component C6 Source.175: DFBPPR19925 ---- Animal proteins ---- Complement factor H Source.176: DFBPPR20029 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 1 Source.177: DFBPPR20124 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine palmitoyltransferase small subunit B Source.178: DFBPPR20172 ---- Animal proteins ---- NF-kappa-B inhibitor zeta Source.179: DFBPPR20220 ---- Animal proteins ---- Endosome/lysosome-associated apoptosis and autophagy regulator family member 2 Source.180: DFBPPR20259 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein NEDD1 Source.181: DFBPPR20435 ---- Animal proteins ---- Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 Source.182: DFBPPR20443 ---- Animal proteins ---- Putative phospholipase B-like 2 Source.183: DFBPPR20485 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-crystallin A2 Source.184: DFBPPR20522 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine palmitoyltransferase small subunit A Source.185: DFBPPR20731 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein transport protein Sec61 subunit alpha isoform 2 Source.186: DFBPPR20999 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein SERAC1 Source.187: DFBPPR21030 ---- Animal proteins ---- Phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit C Source.188: DFBPPR21131 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dynein regulatory complex subunit 7 Source.189: DFBPPR21170 ---- Animal proteins ---- Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 8A Source.190: DFBPPR21376 ---- Animal proteins ---- Calponin-3 Source.191: DFBPPR21708 ---- Animal proteins ---- Single-stranded DNA-binding protein, mitochondrial Source.192: DFBPPR21713 ---- Animal proteins ---- G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B2 Source.193: DFBPPR21814 ---- Animal proteins ---- Vacuolar fusion protein MON1 homolog A Source.194: DFBPPR21882 ---- Animal proteins ---- Insulin-like peptide INSL6 Source.195: DFBPPR21903 ---- Animal proteins ---- Inactive serine protease 35 Source.196: DFBPPR22080 ---- Animal proteins ---- Integrator complex subunit 9 Source.197: DFBPPR22162 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transmembrane protein 245 Source.198: DFBPPR22255 ---- Animal proteins ---- Rab9 effector protein with kelch motifs Source.199: DFBPPR22285 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1-interacting protein 2 Source.200: DFBPPR22397 ---- Animal proteins ---- NHL repeat-containing protein 2 Source.201: DFBPPR22398 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein NDRG3 Source.202: DFBPPR22541 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein FAM177A1 Source.203: DFBPPR22668 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein FAM243 Source.204: DFBPPR22751 ---- Animal proteins ---- Uncharacterized protein C8orf74 homolog Source.205: DFBPPR8577 ---- Animal proteins ---- Nectin-1 Source.206: DFBPPR8696 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit Source.207: DFBPPR8718 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ras-related protein Rab-27A Source.208: DFBPPR9015 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serotransferrin Source.209: DFBPPR9023 ---- Animal proteins ---- Forkhead box protein L2 Source.210: DFBPPR9082 ---- Animal proteins ---- Insulin-induced gene 2 protein Source.211: DFBPPR9132 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dystrophin Source.212: DFBPPR9197 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-7 Source.213: DFBPPR9265 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pantetheinase Source.214: DFBPPR9274 ---- Animal proteins ---- Lactosylceramide 1,3-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyltransferase Source.215: DFBPPR9331 ---- Animal proteins ---- Proteasome subunit beta type-8 Source.216: DFBPPR9369 ---- Animal proteins ---- Nuclear receptor subfamily 6 group A member 1 Source.217: DFBPPR9619 ---- Animal proteins ---- Teashirt homolog 2 Source.218: DFBPPR9687 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-crystallin B1 Source.219: DFBPPR9694 ---- Animal proteins ---- Membrane progestin receptor beta Source.220: DFBPPR9867 ---- Animal proteins ---- Phostensin Source.221: DFBPPR9956 ---- Animal proteins ---- Fatty acid synthase Source.222: DFBPPR10001 ---- Animal proteins ---- Fibrinogen beta chain Source.223: DFBPPR10018 ---- Animal proteins ---- Interferon-induced GTP-binding protein Mx Source.224: DFBPPR10027 ---- Animal proteins ---- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D Source.225: DFBPPR10049 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 Source.226: DFBPPR10095 ---- Animal proteins ---- Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase S Source.227: DFBPPR10098 ---- Animal proteins ---- Mucin-6 Source.228: DFBPPR10188 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit Source.229: DFBPPR10271 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cadherin-7 Source.230: DFBPPR10297 ---- Animal proteins ---- Vitellogenin-2 Source.231: DFBPPR10324 ---- Animal proteins ---- CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 7 Source.232: DFBPPR10376 ---- Animal proteins ---- Metalloproteinase inhibitor 3 Source.233: DFBPPR10390 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein sidekick-1 Source.234: DFBPPR10553 ---- Animal proteins ---- Piwi-like protein 1 Source.235: DFBPPR10579 ---- Animal proteins ---- Lysine-specific demethylase 5B Source.236: DFBPPR10588 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-1B Source.237: DFBPPR10602 ---- Animal proteins ---- DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A Source.238: DFBPPR10609 ---- Animal proteins ---- Homeobox protein DLX-5 Source.239: DFBPPR10621 ---- Animal proteins ---- Heparan-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 1 Source.240: DFBPPR10676 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dual specificity protein phosphatase 4 Source.241: DFBPPR10724 ---- Animal proteins ---- Insulin-induced gene 1 protein Source.242: DFBPPR10737 ---- Animal proteins ---- Programmed cell death protein 10 Source.243: DFBPPR10762 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cadherin-6 Source.244: DFBPPR10807 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dystrophin Source.245: DFBPPR10812 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cadherin-11 Source.246: DFBPPR10836 ---- Animal proteins ---- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S Source.247: DFBPPR10935 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein O-linked-mannose beta-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2 Source.248: DFBPPR10940 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein piccolo Source.249: DFBPPR10997 ---- Animal proteins ---- Tubulin-specific chaperone D Source.250: DFBPPR11020 ---- Animal proteins ---- Heparan-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 2 Source.251: DFBPPR11058 ---- Animal proteins ---- Proteasome subunit beta type-5 Source.252: DFBPPR11060 ---- Animal proteins ---- Netrin-3 Source.253: DFBPPR11167 ---- Animal proteins ---- Insulin-induced gene 2 protein Source.254: DFBPPR11221 ---- Animal proteins ---- Zinc finger homeobox protein 4 Source.255: DFBPPR11255 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-crystallin A3 Source.256: DFBPPR11272 ---- Animal proteins ---- Iroquois-class homeodomain protein IRX-4 Source.257: DFBPPR11362 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-crystallin B2 Source.258: DFBPPR11408 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cadherin-10 Source.259: DFBPPR11416 ---- Animal proteins ---- 2-methoxy-6-polyprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol methylase, mitochondrial Source.260: DFBPPR11474 ---- Animal proteins ---- KH homology domain-containing protein 4 Source.261: DFBPPR11489 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-crystallin B1 Source.262: DFBPPR11523 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myb-related protein A Source.263: DFBPPR11595 ---- Animal proteins ---- Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SETD1B Source.264: DFBPPR11628 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-crystallin A2 Source.265: DFBPPR11636 ---- Animal proteins ---- Epithelial splicing regulatory protein 2 Source.266: DFBPPR11652 ---- Animal proteins ---- Stathmin-3 Source.267: DFBPPR11705 ---- Animal proteins ---- SCO-spondin Source.268: DFBPPR11721 ---- Animal proteins ---- Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A Source.269: DFBPPR11904 ---- Animal proteins ---- Paired box protein Pax-1 Source.270: DFBPPR11931 ---- Animal proteins ---- Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 20 Source.271: DFBPPR11947 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transcription factor SOX-8 Source.272: DFBPPR11978 ---- Animal proteins ---- ER membrane protein complex subunit 1 Source.273: DFBPPR12021 ---- Animal proteins ---- DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog Source.274: DFBPPR12025 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transmembrane protein 18 Source.275: DFBPPR12032 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family B member 2 Source.276: DFBPPR12062 ---- Animal proteins ---- Endophilin-B2 Source.277: DFBPPR12064 ---- Animal proteins ---- Integrator complex subunit 9 Source.278: DFBPPR12151 ---- Animal proteins ---- NHL repeat-containing protein 2 Source.279: DFBPPR12165 ---- Animal proteins ---- Vacuolar fusion protein MON1 homolog A Source.280: DFBPPR12219 ---- Animal proteins ---- PHD finger protein 20-like protein 1 Source.281: DFBPPR12258 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 2 Source.282: DFBPPR12289 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit Source.283: DFBPPR12290 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ryanodine receptor 2 Source.284: DFBPPR12293 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sarcolipin Source.285: DFBPPR12296 ---- Animal proteins ---- Neprilysin Source.286: DFBPPR12370 ---- Animal proteins ---- Phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, skeletal muscle/heart isoform Source.287: DFBPPR12388 ---- Animal proteins ---- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S Source.288: DFBPPR12410 ---- Animal proteins ---- Secretory phospholipase A2 receptor Source.289: DFBPPR12625 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 4 Source.290: DFBPPR12808 ---- Animal proteins ---- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-6 Source.291: DFBPPR12841 ---- Animal proteins ---- Forkhead box protein L2 Source.292: DFBPPR12851 ---- Animal proteins ---- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A4 Source.293: DFBPPR12904 ---- Animal proteins ---- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B13 Source.294: DFBPPR13015 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-crystallin B2 Source.295: DFBPPR13045 ---- Animal proteins ---- Alpha-S2-casein Source.296: DFBPPR13061 ---- Animal proteins ---- Single-stranded DNA-binding protein, mitochondrial Source.297: DFBPPR13062 ---- Animal proteins ---- Metalloproteinase inhibitor 3 Source.298: DFBPPR13070 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-crystallin A2 Source.299: DFBPPR13222 ---- Animal proteins ---- Metalloproteinase inhibitor 3 Source.300: DFBPPR13266 ---- Animal proteins ---- Deoxyribonuclease-1 Source.301: DFBPPR13291 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myosin-7 Source.302: DFBPPR13435 ---- Animal proteins ---- Forkhead box protein L2 Source.303: DFBPPR13691 ---- Animal proteins ---- Deoxyribonuclease-1 Source.304: DFBPPR14024 ---- Animal proteins ---- Gamma-crystallin S Source.305: DFBPPR14176 ---- Marine protein ---- Serine palmitoyltransferase small subunit A Source.306: DFBPPR14301 ---- Marine protein ---- ATP synthase subunit b', chloroplastic Source.307: DFBPPR14457 ---- Marine protein ---- Probable transcriptional regulator ycf29 Source.308: DFBPPR14532 ---- Marine protein ---- Uncharacterized protein ORF621 Source.309: DFBPPR14550 ---- Marine protein ---- Complement C3 Source.310: DFBPPR14564 ---- Marine protein ---- Piwi-like protein 2 Source.311: DFBPPR14669 ---- Marine protein ---- Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9-I Source.312: DFBPPR14705 ---- Marine protein ---- Protein transport protein Sec61 subunit alpha isoform A Source.313: DFBPPR14712 ---- Marine protein ---- Protein transport protein Sec61 subunit alpha isoform B Source.314: DFBPPR14822 ---- Marine protein ---- Fibrinogen Source.315: DFBPPR14974 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase [UDP-forming] 56 kDa subunit Source.316: DFBPPR14975 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Inner kinetochore subunit CTF19 Source.317: DFBPPR14985 ---- Microorganism protein ---- ATP-dependent DNA helicase MPH1 Source.318: DFBPPR14997 ---- Microorganism protein ---- High osmolarity signaling protein SHO1 Source.319: DFBPPR15132 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Amino-acid acetyltransferase, mitochondrial Source.320: DFBPPR15134 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit A Source.321: DFBPPR15143 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Low-affinity glucose transporter Source.322: DFBPPR15156 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Vacuolar protein sorting/targeting protein 10 Source.323: DFBPPR15258 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Invertase Source.324: DFBPPR15272 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Pre-mRNA-splicing factor CEF1 Source.325: DFBPPR15329 ---- Microorganism protein ---- GPI mannosyltransferase 2 Source.326: DFBPPR15342 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Histone transcription regulator 3 homolog Source.327: DFBPPR15371 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Protein HIR2 Source.328: DFBPPR15391 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Metacaspase-1 Source.329: DFBPPR15394 ---- Microorganism protein ---- 1,4-alpha-glucan-branching enzyme Source.330: DFBPPR15426 ---- Microorganism protein ---- tRNA (guanine-N(7)-)-methyltransferase non-catalytic subunit TRM82 Source.331: DFBPPR15458 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Mitochondrial glycine transporter Source.332: DFBPPR15466 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Cytosolic Fe-S cluster assembly factor NAR1 Source.333: DFBPPR15558 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Protein CFT1 Source.334: DFBPPR15612 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit 2 Source.335: DFBPPR15673 ---- Microorganism protein ---- ATPase synthesis protein 25, mitochondrial Source.336: DFBPPR15713 ---- Microorganism protein ---- ATPase expression protein 1, mitochondrial Source.337: DFBPPR15725 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Protein DML1 Source.338: DFBPPR15741 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Increased recombination centers protein 19 Source.339: DFBPPR15774 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Protein SIA1 Source.340: DFBPPR7796 ---- Plant protein ---- NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit 5, chloroplastic Source.341: DFBPPR7818 ---- Plant protein ---- DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta'' Source.342: DFBPPR7934 ---- Plant protein ---- Acid beta-fructofuranosidase Source.343: DFBPPR7945 ---- Plant protein ---- NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit 5, chloroplastic Source.344: DFBPPR7975 ---- Plant protein ---- Protein Ycf2 Source.345: DFBPPR8047 ---- Plant protein ---- Acid beta-fructofuranosidase Source.346: DFBPPR8120 ---- Plant protein ---- Protein TIC 214 Source.347: DFBPPR8155 ---- Plant protein ---- Protein Ycf2 Source.348: DFBPPR8250 ---- Plant protein ---- NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit 5, chloroplastic Source.349: DFBPPR8300 ---- Plant protein ---- Protein Ycf2 Source.350: DFBPPR8304 ---- Plant protein ---- Protein TIC 214
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

ACE-inhibitory activity	The peptide exhibited strong Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 4 uM.
Specific target protein(s)	Specific Target Protein(s): Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	Buckwheat proteins were hydrolyzed with Pepsin (pH 1.2, 4 h, 37°C), followed by Chymotrypsin and Trypsin (pH 6.8, 4h, 37°C).

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

Buckwheat protein has a latent ability to exert an in vivo antihypertensive effect after the gastrointestinal digestion process.

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPANHY0939
[D2]	DFBPMUFU0463

[D3]

[D4]

[D5]

[D6]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Li CH, Matsui T, Matsumoto K, Yamasaki R, Kawasaki T. Latent production of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors from buckwheat protein. J Pept Sci. 2002 Jun;8(6):267-74. PMID: 12093003 DOI: 10.1002/psc.387
Other literature(s)	[1] Loponen J. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory peptides in Finnish cereals: A database survey[J]. Agricultural & Food Science, 2004, 13(1):39-45.
PubDate	2002