Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPACEI1963(ACE-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPACEI1963
Peptide sequence	WCY
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	ACE-inhibitory peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	Renin-inhibitory activity ^[D1], Multifunctional activity ^[D2]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Trp-Cys-Tyr

Single-letter amino acid

WCY

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
470.57 Da	470.55 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

5.33 ^c

IC₅₀

N.D

pIC₅₀

N.D

GRAVY

0.1000^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

33.33%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Plant
Organism/Source	Common Oat (Avena sativa)
Precursor protein	11S globulin/12S globulin
Residue position	f(172–174)/f(172–174)
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR1367 ---- Plant proteins ---- Histone deacetylase 1 Source.2: DFBPPR1702 ---- Plant proteins ---- Glutelin type-A 2 Source.3: DFBPPR1814 ---- Plant proteins ---- Histone deacetylase 2 Source.4: DFBPPR1916 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein PYRICULARIA ORYZAE RESISTANCE 21 Source.5: DFBPPR2035 ---- Plant proteins ---- Glutelin type-A 1 Source.6: DFBPPR2061 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable ion channel POLLUX Source.7: DFBPPR2151 ---- Plant proteins ---- Glutelin type-A 3 Source.8: DFBPPR2409 ---- Plant proteins ---- Histone deacetylase 3 Source.9: DFBPPR2502 ---- Plant proteins ---- E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Os04g0590900 Source.10: DFBPPR2955 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable protein arginine N-methyltransferase 3 Source.11: DFBPPR3129 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein disulfide isomerase-like 5-4 Source.12: DFBPPR3423 ---- Plant proteins ---- ABC transporter G family member 40 Source.13: DFBPPR4142 ---- Plant proteins ---- Acylamino-acid-releasing enzyme 2 Source.14: DFBPPR5840 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable histone deacetylase 19 Source.15: DFBPPR6471 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-amyrin synthase Source.16: DFBPPR7196 ---- Plant proteins ---- Carbonic anhydrase, chloroplastic Source.17: DFBPPR7398 ---- Plant proteins ---- 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase BAT2, chloroplastic Source.18: DFBPPR7618 ---- Milk proteins ---- Plasminogen Source.19: DFBPPR7638 ---- Milk proteins ---- Tissue-type plasminogen activator Source.20: DFBPPR7733 ---- Plant proteins ---- 12S seed storage globulin 2 Source.21: DFBPPR7734 ---- Plant proteins ---- 12S seed storage globulin 1 Source.22: DFBPPR8428 ---- Plant proteins ---- 11S globulin seed storage protein 2 Source.23: DFBPPR16032 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ras-related protein Rab-7a Source.24: DFBPPR16061 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hepatocyte growth factor Source.25: DFBPPR16523 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hepatocyte growth factor activator Source.26: DFBPPR16720 ---- Animal proteins ---- Tudor domain-containing protein 5 Source.27: DFBPPR16737 ---- Animal proteins ---- Trefoil factor 1 Source.28: DFBPPR16805 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dopamine beta-hydroxylase Source.29: DFBPPR16814 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prothrombin Source.30: DFBPPR16871 ---- Animal proteins ---- Plasminogen Source.31: DFBPPR17025 ---- Animal proteins ---- Tissue-type plasminogen activator Source.32: DFBPPR17231 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein sprouty homolog 2 Source.33: DFBPPR17262 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 33 Source.34: DFBPPR17433 ---- Animal proteins ---- Caveolin-3 Source.35: DFBPPR17597 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 10 Source.36: DFBPPR17678 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 16 Source.37: DFBPPR18050 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ras-related protein Rab-7a Source.38: DFBPPR18091 ---- Animal proteins ---- Urokinase-type plasminogen activator Source.39: DFBPPR18116 ---- Animal proteins ---- Carbonic anhydrase 4 Source.40: DFBPPR18289 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 20 Source.41: DFBPPR18404 ---- Animal proteins ---- Regulator of microtubule dynamics protein 3 Source.42: DFBPPR18916 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 3 Source.43: DFBPPR19208 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sushi repeat-containing protein SRPX2 Source.44: DFBPPR19605 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hepatocyte growth factor-like protein Source.45: DFBPPR20239 ---- Animal proteins ---- Speckle-type POZ protein Source.46: DFBPPR20420 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hepatocyte growth factor Source.47: DFBPPR20604 ---- Animal proteins ---- Phosphoinositide-3-kinase-interacting protein 1 Source.48: DFBPPR20969 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sperm acrosome-associated protein 5 Source.49: DFBPPR21440 ---- Animal proteins ---- Regulator of microtubule dynamics protein 1 Source.50: DFBPPR21684 ---- Animal proteins ---- Stannin Source.51: DFBPPR22519 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transmembrane protein 248 Source.52: DFBPPR8759 ---- Animal proteins ---- Caveolin-3 Source.53: DFBPPR8792 ---- Animal proteins ---- Plasminogen Source.54: DFBPPR8794 ---- Animal proteins ---- NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 Source.55: DFBPPR9022 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prothrombin Source.56: DFBPPR9107 ---- Animal proteins ---- Tissue-type plasminogen activator Source.57: DFBPPR9211 ---- Animal proteins ---- Urokinase-type plasminogen activator Source.58: DFBPPR9432 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pre-mRNA-splicing factor ATP-dependent RNA helicase DHX16 Source.59: DFBPPR10378 ---- Animal proteins ---- Muscle, skeletal receptor tyrosine protein kinase Source.60: DFBPPR10722 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 10 Source.61: DFBPPR10937 ---- Animal proteins ---- Urokinase-type plasminogen activator Source.62: DFBPPR11066 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein sprouty homolog 2 Source.63: DFBPPR11600 ---- Animal proteins ---- Hyccin Source.64: DFBPPR11678 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein ABHD13 Source.65: DFBPPR12214 ---- Animal proteins ---- Nucleolar protein 11 Source.66: DFBPPR12464 ---- Animal proteins ---- Urokinase-type plasminogen activator Source.67: DFBPPR12512 ---- Animal proteins ---- Carbonic anhydrase 4 Source.68: DFBPPR13194 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dopamine beta-hydroxylase Source.69: DFBPPR13297 ---- Animal proteins ---- Plasminogen Source.70: DFBPPR13497 ---- Animal proteins ---- Plasminogen Source.71: DFBPPR13713 ---- Animal proteins ---- Plasminogen Source.72: DFBPPR13753 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2A Source.73: DFBPPR15116 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase Source.74: DFBPPR15421 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Cytochrome c lysine N-methyltransferase 1
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

ACE-inhibitory activity	The synthesised peptide WCY showed potent Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity (ACE inhibition ratio 97.8 ± 21.7%). The peptide was assayed at a concentration concentration of 1 mg protein of extract / mL. Values are the mean of triplicate samples.
Specific target protein(s)	Specific Target Protein(s): Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(CC(=CN2)C1=C2C=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CS)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	ACE-I inhibition assay of several synthesised peptides that were identified in silico from the the digestion of oat proteins with papain or ficin, which are both proteases.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:

Peptide	Solubility in Water	Resistance to Digestion	Allergenicity Probability
WCY	Poor	No	33.3%

EHP-Tool:

Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	Non-toxin
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

N.D

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPRENI0024
[D2]	DFBPMUFU0590

[D3]

[D4]

[D5]

[D6]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Bleakley S, Hayes M, O' Shea N, Gallagher E, Lafarga T. Predicted Release and Analysis of Novel ACE-I, Renin, and DPP-IV Inhibitory Peptides from Common Oat (Avena sativa) Protein Hydrolysates Using in Silico Analysis. Foods. 2017 Dec 4;6(12):108. PMID: 29207547 DOI: 10.3390/foods6120108
Other literature(s)	N.D
PubDate	2017