Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPACEI1966(ACE-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPACEI1966
Peptide sequence	IFFFL
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	ACE-inhibitory peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	Renin-inhibitory activity ^[D1], Multifunctional activity ^[D2]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Ile-Phe-Phe-Phe-Leu

Single-letter amino acid

IFFFL

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
685.93 Da	685.85 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

5.97 ^c

IC₅₀

N.D

pIC₅₀

N.D

GRAVY

3.3400^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

100%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Plant
Organism/Source	Common Oat (Avena sativa)
Precursor protein	Avenin
Residue position	f(3–7)
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR2073 ---- Plant proteins ---- ABC transporter G family member 43 Source.2: DFBPPR2403 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 Source.3: DFBPPR2803 ---- Plant proteins ---- Putative mannan endo-1,4-beta-mannosidase 5 Source.4: DFBPPR5078 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 Source.5: DFBPPR5221 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein TIC 214 Source.6: DFBPPR5610 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 Source.7: DFBPPR6383 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 Source.8: DFBPPR6692 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 Source.9: DFBPPR7749 ---- Plant proteins ---- Avenin Source.10: DFBPPR17801 ---- Animal proteins ---- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 Source.11: DFBPPR19883 ---- Animal proteins ---- N-arachidonyl glycine receptor Source.12: DFBPPR20005 ---- Animal proteins ---- Phosphatidylserine synthase 1 Source.13: DFBPPR11151 ---- Animal proteins ---- SPARC Source.14: DFBPPR11485 ---- Animal proteins ---- Phosphatidylserine synthase 1 Source.15: DFBPPR11686 ---- Animal proteins ---- Class II histocompatibility antigen, B-L beta chain Source.16: DFBPPR12136 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein PHTF2 Source.17: DFBPPR15062 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Transcription and mRNA export factor SUS1
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

ACE-inhibitory activity	The synthesised peptide IFFFL showed weak Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity (ACE inhibition ratio 53 ± 41.2%). The peptide was assayed at a concentration concentration of 1 mg protein of extract / mL. Values are the mean of triplicate samples.
Specific target protein(s)	Specific Target Protein(s): Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])([C@]([H])(CC)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	ACE-I inhibition assay of several synthesised peptides that were identified in silico from the the digestion of oat proteins with papain or ficin, which are both proteases.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:

Peptide	Solubility in Water	Resistance to Digestion	Allergenicity Probability
IFFFL	Poor	No	Non-allergen

EHP-Tool:

Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	Non-toxin
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

N.D

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPRENI0023
[D2]	DFBPMUFU0593

[D3]

[D4]

[D5]

[D6]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Bleakley S, Hayes M, O' Shea N, Gallagher E, Lafarga T. Predicted Release and Analysis of Novel ACE-I, Renin, and DPP-IV Inhibitory Peptides from Common Oat (Avena sativa) Protein Hydrolysates Using in Silico Analysis. Foods. 2017 Dec 4;6(12):108. PMID: 29207547 DOI: 10.3390/foods6120108
Other literature(s)	N.D
PubDate	2017