Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPACEI2078(ACE-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPACEI2078
Peptide sequence	NDPP
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	ACE-inhibitory peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	N.D

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Asn-Asp-Pro-Pro

Single-letter amino acid

NDPP

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
441.436 Da	441.43 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

3.13 ^c

IC₅₀

N.D

pIC₅₀

N.D

GRAVY

-2.5500^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

50%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Plant
Organism/Source	Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.)
Precursor protein	Germinated Pigeon Pea proteins
Residue position	N.D
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR0871 ---- Plant proteins ---- LRR receptor kinase SERK2 Source.2: DFBPPR1014 ---- Plant proteins ---- Flap endonuclease GEN-like 1 Source.3: DFBPPR1375 ---- Plant proteins ---- Chlorophyllide a oxygenase, chloroplastic Source.4: DFBPPR2865 ---- Plant proteins ---- TPR repeat-containing thioredoxin TDX Source.5: DFBPPR3056 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 10 Source.6: DFBPPR3424 ---- Plant proteins ---- Beta-glucosidase 11 Source.7: DFBPPR5889 ---- Plant proteins ---- Homeobox protein rough sheath 1 Source.8: DFBPPR6150 ---- Plant proteins ---- Autonomous transposable element EN-1 mosaic protein Source.9: DFBPPR7641 ---- Milk proteins ---- Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase Source.10: DFBPPR8390 ---- Plant proteins ---- Galactose-binding lectin Source.11: DFBPPR17127 ---- Animal proteins ---- Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 Source.12: DFBPPR17406 ---- Animal proteins ---- Exostosin-2 Source.13: DFBPPR17852 ---- Animal proteins ---- Elongation factor 1-alpha 1 Source.14: DFBPPR18086 ---- Animal proteins ---- N-lysine methyltransferase SMYD2 Source.15: DFBPPR18151 ---- Animal proteins ---- Coagulation factor XIII A chain Source.16: DFBPPR18168 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 W Source.17: DFBPPR19576 ---- Animal proteins ---- TBC1 domain family member 20 Source.18: DFBPPR19810 ---- Animal proteins ---- Seipin Source.19: DFBPPR19811 ---- Animal proteins ---- Mitochondrial inner membrane protein OXA1L Source.20: DFBPPR19999 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cell death-inducing p53-target protein 1 Source.21: DFBPPR20096 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, somatic form, mitochondrial Source.22: DFBPPR20244 ---- Animal proteins ---- Zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 26 Source.23: DFBPPR20412 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein disulfide-isomerase A4 Source.24: DFBPPR20767 ---- Animal proteins ---- GTP cyclohydrolase 1 feedback regulatory protein Source.25: DFBPPR21852 ---- Animal proteins ---- Zinc finger MYM-type protein 5 Source.26: DFBPPR22241 ---- Animal proteins ---- von Willebrand factor A domain-containing protein 7 Source.27: DFBPPR8917 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein kinase OSR1 Source.28: DFBPPR8920 ---- Animal proteins ---- Serine/threonine-protein kinase OSR1 Source.29: DFBPPR8945 ---- Animal proteins ---- Coagulation factor V Source.30: DFBPPR9067 ---- Animal proteins ---- N-lysine methyltransferase SMYD2 Source.31: DFBPPR9133 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, somatic form, mitochondrial Source.32: DFBPPR9949 ---- Animal proteins ---- Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 127 Source.33: DFBPPR10625 ---- Animal proteins ---- N-lysine methyltransferase SMYD2 Source.34: DFBPPR11157 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein transport protein Sec31A Source.35: DFBPPR11230 ---- Animal proteins ---- Elongation factor 1-alpha 1 Source.36: DFBPPR12135 ---- Animal proteins ---- Vigilin Source.37: DFBPPR12348 ---- Animal proteins ---- Elongation factor 1-alpha 1 Source.38: DFBPPR12509 ---- Animal proteins ---- H(+)/Cl(-) exchange transporter 3 Source.39: DFBPPR13269 ---- Animal proteins ---- Elongation factor 1-alpha 1 Source.40: DFBPPR14379 ---- Marine protein ---- Elongation factor 1-alpha Source.41: DFBPPR15291 ---- Microorganism protein ---- mRNA-capping enzyme subunit beta Source.42: DFBPPR15695 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Genetic interactor of prohibitin 5, mitochondrial
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

ACE-inhibitory activity

The highest activity of peptide extract was found on the 4^th-day germination of pigeon pea with an IC₅₀ value of 63.46 μg/mL. The peptide extract was further fractionated by centrifugal ultrafiltration method and it was found that the peptide fraction < 3 kDa had the highest ACE inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 57.79 μg/mL. The peptide NDPP was purified from the peptide fraction, so It was a potential ACE-inhibitory peptide (IC₅₀ value of synthetic peptide was not determined).

Specific target protein(s)

Specific Target Protein(s):
Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(=O)O)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	Peptide extracts of pigeon pea at different germination times were obtained and the extracts were fractionated to obtain the most active ACE inhibitory peptide fraction.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	N.D
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

The peptide fraction of germinated pigeon pea has the potency as an ACE inhibitory nutraceutical.

Database cross-references

[D1]

[D2]

[D3]

[D4]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Ratnayani, K., Suter, I.K., Antara, N.S., Putra, I.N.K. Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitory Activity of Peptide Fraction of Germinated Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.). Indonesian Journal of Chemistry. 2019, 19. DOI: 10.22146/ijc.37513
Other literature(s)	N.D
PubDate	2019