Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPAMIC0033(Antimicrobial peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPAMIC0033
Peptide sequence	GWGSFFKKAAHVGKHVGKAALTHYL
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	Antimicrobial peptide, Pleurocidin

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	Antimicrobial activity
Otheir bioactivity	Anticancer activity ^[D1], Haemolytic activity ^[D2], Multifunctional activity ^[D3]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Gly-Trp-Gly-Ser-Phe-Phe-Lys-Lys-Ala-Ala-His-Val-Gly-Lys-His-Val-Gly-Lys-Ala-Ala-Leu-Thr-His-Tyr-Leu

Single-letter amino acid

GWGSFFKKAAHVGKHVGKAALTHYL

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	2711.16 Da ^c

Net charge

Isoelectric point (pI)

10.64 ^c

IC₅₀

N.D

pIC₅₀

N.D

GRAVY

-0.0680^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

60%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Marine
Organism/Source	Winter flounder, Pleuronectes americanus
Precursor protein	The skin mucous secretions
Residue position	N.D
Precursor protein(s) search	No matching precursor protein found
Link-research Inductive analysis	Link 1: DFBPAMIC0171----winter flounder 2 2.1, Pleuronectes americanus----Flatfish

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

Antimicrobial activity

Pleurocidin was tested against 11 Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria for bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity, and the results is as follows:

Strain (Gram +/-)	MIC (uM)	MBC (uM)
Escherichia coli (-)	2.2-3.3	2.2-4.4
Aeromonas salmonicida (-)	17.7-35.0	>17.7-35.0
Cytophaga aquatilis (-)	2.2-4.4	2.2-4.4
Leucothrix mucor (+)	>35.0	>35.0
Pasteurella haemolytica (-)	4.4-8.8	4.4-8.8
Serratia marcescens (-)	>35.0	>35.0
Bacillus subtilis (+)	1.1-2.2	1.1-2.2
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (-)	>35.0	>35.0
Staphylococcus aureus (+)	17.7-35.0	17.7-35.0
Salmonella typhimurium I (-)	8.8-17.7	8.8-17.7
S. typhimurium II (-)	8.8-17.7	8.8-17.7

Specific target protein(s)

N.D

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Non-bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

NCC(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(=CN2)C1=C2C=CC=C1)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CO)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC1=CN=C-N1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC1=CN=C-N1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])([C@]([H])(O)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC1=CN=C-N1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(C)C)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Extract without enzyme
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	Winter flounder epidermis and mucus extracts, isolated by scraping, were homogenized in a solution of 50 ml of 0.2 M sodium acetate, 0.2% Triton X-100, 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:	Proteinase digestion.
EHP-Tool:	Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

N.D

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPANCA0657, DFBPANCA0658
[D2]	DFBPHAPE0022, DFBPHAPE0023
[D3]	DFBPMUFU0699

[D4]

[D5]

[D6]

[D7]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Cole AM, Weis P, Diamond G. Isolation and characterization of pleurocidin, an antimicrobial peptide in the skin secretions of winter flounder. J Biol Chem. 1997 May 2;272(18):12008-13. PMID: 9115266 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.18.12008
Other literature(s)	N.D
PubDate	1997