Peptide properties

1Top 2Function-activity relationship 3Calculated physicochemical properties 4Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search 5Biological/Functional activity & target protein 6Taste properties & Structure 7Preparation method 8Stability & Cytotoxicity 9Additional information 10Database cross-references 11Reference(s)

List of peptide properties

DFBP ID - DFBPACEI0942(ACE-inhibitory peptide)

DFBP ID	DFBPACEI0942
Peptide sequence	VWP
Type	Native peptide
Peptide/Function name	ACE-inhibitory peptide

Function-activity relationship

Main bioactivity	ACE-inhibitory activity
Otheir bioactivity	Antihypertensive activity ^[D1], Multifunctional activity ^[D2]

Calculated physicochemical properties

Three-letter amino acid

Val-Trp-Pro

Single-letter amino acid

VWP

Peptide length

Peptide mass

Experimental mass	Theoretical mass
N.D	400.48 Da ^c

Net charge

0.00 ^c

Isoelectric point (pI)

5.97 ^c

IC₅₀

4.5 μM

pIC₅₀

-0.653

GRAVY

0.5667^c

Hydrophilic residue ratio

100%^c

Peptide calculator

Peptide source & Food-borne protein(s) search

Classification	Plant
Organism/Source	Rice
Precursor protein	Rice protein hydrolysates
Residue position	N.D
Precursor protein(s) search	Source.1: DFBPPR0820 ---- Plant proteins ---- bZIP transcription factor RISBZ5 Source.2: DFBPPR0856 ---- Plant proteins ---- Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 Source.3: DFBPPR0893 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cyclin-dependent kinase B2-1 Source.4: DFBPPR0939 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein argonaute MEL1 Source.5: DFBPPR0965 ---- Plant proteins ---- Abscisic acid receptor PYL9 Source.6: DFBPPR0988 ---- Plant proteins ---- Sucrose synthase 2 Source.7: DFBPPR0995 ---- Plant proteins ---- Transcription factor TDR Source.8: DFBPPR1276 ---- Plant proteins ---- E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XB3 Source.9: DFBPPR1315 ---- Plant proteins ---- Gibberellin 20 oxidase 3 Source.10: DFBPPR1328 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable ethylene response sensor 1 Source.11: DFBPPR1406 ---- Plant proteins ---- Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 Source.12: DFBPPR1419 ---- Plant proteins ---- Gibberellin 3-beta-dioxygenase 1 Source.13: DFBPPR1423 ---- Plant proteins ---- Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 Source.14: DFBPPR1485 ---- Plant proteins ---- Pheophorbide a oxygenase, chloroplastic Source.15: DFBPPR1496 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain, chloroplastic Source.16: DFBPPR1518 ---- Plant proteins ---- GATA transcription factor 15 Source.17: DFBPPR1535 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A1 Source.18: DFBPPR1767 ---- Plant proteins ---- Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase proenzyme 1, mitochondrial Source.19: DFBPPR1780 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cyclin-dependent kinase F-3 Source.20: DFBPPR1822 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase HIP1 Source.21: DFBPPR1885 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protoporphyrinogen oxidase, chloroplastic Source.22: DFBPPR1892 ---- Plant proteins ---- Sucrose synthase 1 Source.23: DFBPPR1914 ---- Plant proteins ---- Xanthine dehydrogenase Source.24: DFBPPR1916 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein PYRICULARIA ORYZAE RESISTANCE 21 Source.25: DFBPPR2006 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable DNA helicase MCM8 Source.26: DFBPPR2112 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cellulose synthase-like protein H1 Source.27: DFBPPR2142 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable sucrose-phosphate synthase 4 Source.28: DFBPPR2180 ---- Plant proteins ---- UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase Source.29: DFBPPR2334 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable sucrose-phosphate synthase 5 Source.30: DFBPPR2376 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable glutathione S-transferase GSTU6 Source.31: DFBPPR2378 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable sucrose-phosphate synthase 2 Source.32: DFBPPR2420 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable transcription factor GLK1 Source.33: DFBPPR2450 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain A, chloroplastic Source.34: DFBPPR2455 ---- Plant proteins ---- Auxin response factor 4 Source.35: DFBPPR2546 ---- Plant proteins ---- Auxin response factor 1 Source.36: DFBPPR2691 ---- Plant proteins ---- Achilleol B synthase Source.37: DFBPPR3230 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable protein phosphatase 2C 37 Source.38: DFBPPR3237 ---- Plant proteins ---- Arginine decarboxylase 2 Source.39: DFBPPR3312 ---- Plant proteins ---- Bifunctional nuclease 1 Source.40: DFBPPR3318 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.4 Source.41: DFBPPR3362 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable alpha-glucosidase Os06g0675700 Source.42: DFBPPR3396 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable transcription factor GLK2 Source.43: DFBPPR3541 ---- Plant proteins ---- Sucrose synthase 3 Source.44: DFBPPR3564 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable protein phosphatase 2C 36 Source.45: DFBPPR3862 ---- Plant proteins ---- Aquaporin NIP4-1 Source.46: DFBPPR3881 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XBOS31 Source.47: DFBPPR3935 ---- Plant proteins ---- Sucrose synthase 4 Source.48: DFBPPR4082 ---- Plant proteins ---- ASC1-like protein 2 Source.49: DFBPPR4090 ---- Plant proteins ---- Probable indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.8 Source.50: DFBPPR4167 ---- Plant proteins ---- IAA-amino acid hydrolase ILR1-like 3 Source.51: DFBPPR4312 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein SUPPRESSOR OF GENE SILENCING 3 homolog Source.52: DFBPPR4313 ---- Plant proteins ---- ASC1-like protein 1 Source.53: DFBPPR4418 ---- Plant proteins ---- IAA-amino acid hydrolase ILR1-like 4 Source.54: DFBPPR4444 ---- Plant proteins ---- Formin-like protein 6 Source.55: DFBPPR4503 ---- Plant proteins ---- Thaumatin-like protein Source.56: DFBPPR4679 ---- Plant proteins ---- Thaumatin-like protein Source.57: DFBPPR5047 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A1 Source.58: DFBPPR5056 ---- Plant proteins ---- Sucrose synthase Source.59: DFBPPR5104 ---- Plant proteins ---- UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase 1 Source.60: DFBPPR5112 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain 1, chloroplastic Source.61: DFBPPR5113 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain 4, chloroplastic Source.62: DFBPPR5138 ---- Plant proteins ---- Subtilisin-like protease Glyma18g48580 Source.63: DFBPPR5228 ---- Plant proteins ---- Omega-3 fatty acid desaturase, chloroplastic Source.64: DFBPPR5458 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain, chloroplastic Source.65: DFBPPR5563 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A1 Source.66: DFBPPR5625 ---- Plant proteins ---- Dof zinc finger protein MNB1A Source.67: DFBPPR5803 ---- Plant proteins ---- Anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase Source.68: DFBPPR5810 ---- Plant proteins ---- Anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase Source.69: DFBPPR5829 ---- Plant proteins ---- Protein SUPPRESSOR OF GENE SILENCING 3 homolog Source.70: DFBPPR5852 ---- Plant proteins ---- Sucrose synthase 2 Source.71: DFBPPR5857 ---- Plant proteins ---- Sucrose synthase 1 Source.72: DFBPPR6211 ---- Plant proteins ---- Anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase Source.73: DFBPPR6238 ---- Plant proteins ---- UDP-sugar pyrophospharylase Source.74: DFBPPR6274 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A1 Source.75: DFBPPR6364 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain 3C, chloroplastic Source.76: DFBPPR6373 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain 3A, chloroplastic Source.77: DFBPPR6382 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain, chloroplastic Source.78: DFBPPR6482 ---- Plant proteins ---- Cytochrome P450 82A1 Source.79: DFBPPR6506 ---- Plant proteins ---- Sucrose synthase 2 Source.80: DFBPPR6653 ---- Plant proteins ---- Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase, chloroplastic Source.81: DFBPPR6696 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A1 Source.82: DFBPPR6802 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain PWS4.3, chloroplastic Source.83: DFBPPR6803 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain PW9, chloroplastic Source.84: DFBPPR7065 ---- Plant proteins ---- Photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A1 Source.85: DFBPPR7101 ---- Plant proteins ---- Sucrose synthase 1 Source.86: DFBPPR7102 ---- Plant proteins ---- Naringenin,2-oxoglutarate 3-dioxygenase Source.87: DFBPPR7106 ---- Plant proteins ---- Sucrose synthase 2 Source.88: DFBPPR7169 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain, chloroplastic Source.89: DFBPPR7214 ---- Plant proteins ---- Alpha-glucosidase Source.90: DFBPPR7323 ---- Plant proteins ---- Antifungal protein R Source.91: DFBPPR7452 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain, chloroplastic Source.92: DFBPPR7453 ---- Plant proteins ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain F1, chloroplastic Source.93: DFBPPR7498 ---- Plant proteins ---- Omega-3 fatty acid desaturase, chloroplastic Source.94: DFBPPR7641 ---- Milk proteins ---- Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase Source.95: DFBPPR7745 ---- Plant proteins ---- Thaumatin-like pathogenesis-related protein 4 Source.96: DFBPPR7746 ---- Plant proteins ---- Thaumatin-like pathogenesis-related protein 2 Source.97: DFBPPR7747 ---- Plant proteins ---- Thaumatin-like pathogenesis-related protein 1 Source.98: DFBPPR7748 ---- Plant proteins ---- Thaumatin-like pathogenesis-related protein 3 Source.99: DFBPPR8432 ---- Plant proteins ---- Omega-3 fatty acid desaturase, chloroplastic Source.100: DFBPPR15991 ---- Animal proteins ---- Toll-like receptor 9 Source.101: DFBPPR16009 ---- Animal proteins ---- Platelet-derived growth factor subunit B Source.102: DFBPPR16055 ---- Animal proteins ---- Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B Source.103: DFBPPR16063 ---- Animal proteins ---- Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 Source.104: DFBPPR16133 ---- Animal proteins ---- Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit beta Source.105: DFBPPR16163 ---- Animal proteins ---- Beta-2-glycoprotein 1 Source.106: DFBPPR16164 ---- Animal proteins ---- Galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase 1 Source.107: DFBPPR16169 ---- Animal proteins ---- 4-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 3-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase 9 Source.108: DFBPPR16238 ---- Animal proteins ---- Galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase 2 Source.109: DFBPPR16242 ---- Animal proteins ---- Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit alpha Source.110: DFBPPR16509 ---- Animal proteins ---- Substance-K receptor Source.111: DFBPPR16551 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pro-epidermal growth factor Source.112: DFBPPR16561 ---- Animal proteins ---- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B31 Source.113: DFBPPR16849 ---- Animal proteins ---- NADPH:adrenodoxin oxidoreductase, mitochondrial Source.114: DFBPPR16867 ---- Animal proteins ---- Alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein Source.115: DFBPPR16934 ---- Animal proteins ---- Coagulation factor V Source.116: DFBPPR16960 ---- Animal proteins ---- Catalase Source.117: DFBPPR16963 ---- Animal proteins ---- Lysosomal alpha-glucosidase Source.118: DFBPPR16986 ---- Animal proteins ---- Aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase Source.119: DFBPPR17066 ---- Animal proteins ---- 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 Source.120: DFBPPR17074 ---- Animal proteins ---- Group 3 secretory phospholipase A2 Source.121: DFBPPR17081 ---- Animal proteins ---- Lys-63-specific deubiquitinase BRCC36 Source.122: DFBPPR17105 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 Source.123: DFBPPR17106 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 Source.124: DFBPPR17114 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 Source.125: DFBPPR17188 ---- Animal proteins ---- Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit alpha Source.126: DFBPPR17368 ---- Animal proteins ---- Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 Source.127: DFBPPR17435 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ceramide transfer protein Source.128: DFBPPR17475 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein O-glucosyltransferase 1 Source.129: DFBPPR17602 ---- Animal proteins ---- Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit beta Source.130: DFBPPR17878 ---- Animal proteins ---- 4-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 3-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase 9 Source.131: DFBPPR17961 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 Source.132: DFBPPR17990 ---- Animal proteins ---- Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 Source.133: DFBPPR18053 ---- Animal proteins ---- Amiloride-sensitive sodium channel subunit beta Source.134: DFBPPR18319 ---- Animal proteins ---- MMS19 nucleotide excision repair protein homolog Source.135: DFBPPR18372 ---- Animal proteins ---- V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A Source.136: DFBPPR18419 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dual specificity phosphatase 29 Source.137: DFBPPR18505 ---- Animal proteins ---- Retinol dehydrogenase 8 Source.138: DFBPPR18627 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-1 Source.139: DFBPPR19101 ---- Animal proteins ---- DNA polymerase subunit gamma-2, mitochondrial Source.140: DFBPPR19220 ---- Animal proteins ---- Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase Source.141: DFBPPR19320 ---- Animal proteins ---- Palmitoyl-protein thioesterase ABHD10, mitochondrial Source.142: DFBPPR19340 ---- Animal proteins ---- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator Source.143: DFBPPR19449 ---- Animal proteins ---- SCO-spondin Source.144: DFBPPR19543 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein transport protein Sec23A Source.145: DFBPPR19560 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein transport protein Sec23B Source.146: DFBPPR19576 ---- Animal proteins ---- TBC1 domain family member 20 Source.147: DFBPPR19604 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein-lysine methyltransferase METTL21C Source.148: DFBPPR19873 ---- Animal proteins ---- Syntaxin-8 Source.149: DFBPPR19984 ---- Animal proteins ---- Angiopoietin-related protein 7 Source.150: DFBPPR19985 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prokineticin receptor 2 Source.151: DFBPPR20017 ---- Animal proteins ---- Lysoplasmalogenase Source.152: DFBPPR20070 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dual specificity protein phosphatase 26 Source.153: DFBPPR20329 ---- Animal proteins ---- Meiosis regulator and mRNA stability factor 1 Source.154: DFBPPR20338 ---- Animal proteins ---- Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 3 Source.155: DFBPPR20355 ---- Animal proteins ---- RING finger protein 10 Source.156: DFBPPR20405 ---- Animal proteins ---- Oxygen-regulated protein 1 Source.157: DFBPPR20414 ---- Animal proteins ---- 39S ribosomal protein L3, mitochondrial Source.158: DFBPPR20427 ---- Animal proteins ---- Mitochondria-eating protein Source.159: DFBPPR20535 ---- Animal proteins ---- FAD-dependent oxidoreductase domain-containing protein 1 Source.160: DFBPPR20560 ---- Animal proteins ---- Draxin Source.161: DFBPPR20562 ---- Animal proteins ---- 12S rRNA N4-methylcytidine methyltransferase Source.162: DFBPPR20602 ---- Animal proteins ---- Interferon regulatory factor 6 Source.163: DFBPPR21191 ---- Animal proteins ---- RAS protein activator like-3 Source.164: DFBPPR21203 ---- Animal proteins ---- Nuclear protein 2 Source.165: DFBPPR21291 ---- Animal proteins ---- 39S ribosomal protein L18, mitochondrial Source.166: DFBPPR21324 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transmembrane protein 115 Source.167: DFBPPR21434 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ankyrin repeat and SOCS box protein 15 Source.168: DFBPPR21644 ---- Animal proteins ---- Mpv17-like protein 2 Source.169: DFBPPR21773 ---- Animal proteins ---- Isoamyl acetate-hydrolyzing esterase 1 homolog Source.170: DFBPPR21818 ---- Animal proteins ---- Zinc finger protein 410 Source.171: DFBPPR22010 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein-lysine methyltransferase METTL21E Source.172: DFBPPR22047 ---- Animal proteins ---- WD repeat-containing protein 6 Source.173: DFBPPR22167 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transmembrane protein 143 Source.174: DFBPPR22182 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein TOPAZ1 Source.175: DFBPPR22237 ---- Animal proteins ---- Spermatogenesis-associated protein 5-like protein 1 Source.176: DFBPPR22245 ---- Animal proteins ---- Thyroid transcription factor 1-associated protein 26 Source.177: DFBPPR22343 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein RRNAD1 Source.178: DFBPPR22375 ---- Animal proteins ---- Mth938 domain-containing protein Source.179: DFBPPR22676 ---- Animal proteins ---- Glycosyltransferase-like domain-containing protein 1 Source.180: DFBPPR22726 ---- Animal proteins ---- Uncharacterized protein C16orf90 homolog Source.181: DFBPPR22741 ---- Animal proteins ---- Required for excision 1-B domain-containing protein Source.182: DFBPPR8583 ---- Animal proteins ---- Amiloride-sensitive amine oxidase [copper-containing] Source.183: DFBPPR8684 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sialoadhesin Source.184: DFBPPR8742 ---- Animal proteins ---- Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 Source.185: DFBPPR8747 ---- Animal proteins ---- Bifunctional coenzyme A synthase Source.186: DFBPPR8858 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cell division cycle protein 20 homolog Source.187: DFBPPR8945 ---- Animal proteins ---- Coagulation factor V Source.188: DFBPPR9126 ---- Animal proteins ---- Taurochenodeoxycholic 6 alpha-hydroxylase Source.189: DFBPPR9200 ---- Animal proteins ---- V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A Source.190: DFBPPR9221 ---- Animal proteins ---- Catalase Source.191: DFBPPR9262 ---- Animal proteins ---- Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 Source.192: DFBPPR9264 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dual specificity phosphatase 29 Source.193: DFBPPR9361 ---- Animal proteins ---- Alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein Source.194: DFBPPR9465 ---- Animal proteins ---- Pro-epidermal growth factor Source.195: DFBPPR9514 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cytochrome P450 4A24 Source.196: DFBPPR9528 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cytochrome P450 4A25 Source.197: DFBPPR9565 ---- Animal proteins ---- Melanoma-associated antigen D1 Source.198: DFBPPR9576 ---- Animal proteins ---- Lysoplasmalogenase Source.199: DFBPPR9692 ---- Animal proteins ---- Mitochondria-eating protein Source.200: DFBPPR9767 ---- Animal proteins ---- NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 Source.201: DFBPPR9980 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cathelicidin-1 Source.202: DFBPPR10047 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ovocleidin-116 Source.203: DFBPPR10086 ---- Animal proteins ---- Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP], mitochondrial Source.204: DFBPPR10102 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 Source.205: DFBPPR10297 ---- Animal proteins ---- Vitellogenin-2 Source.206: DFBPPR10383 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cryptochrome-1 Source.207: DFBPPR10415 ---- Animal proteins ---- Semaphorin-3A Source.208: DFBPPR10553 ---- Animal proteins ---- Piwi-like protein 1 Source.209: DFBPPR10795 ---- Animal proteins ---- Amidophosphoribosyltransferase Source.210: DFBPPR10818 ---- Animal proteins ---- Tyrosine-protein kinase CSK Source.211: DFBPPR10864 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 Source.212: DFBPPR10883 ---- Animal proteins ---- LARGE xylosyl- and glucuronyltransferase 2 Source.213: DFBPPR10892 ---- Animal proteins ---- Myogenic factor 5 Source.214: DFBPPR10967 ---- Animal proteins ---- Interphotoreceptor matrix proteoglycan 2 Source.215: DFBPPR10998 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-1 Source.216: DFBPPR11033 ---- Animal proteins ---- Aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial Source.217: DFBPPR11090 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dual specificity phosphatase 29 Source.218: DFBPPR11111 ---- Animal proteins ---- N-acetylneuraminate lyase Source.219: DFBPPR11136 ---- Animal proteins ---- Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase gamma Source.220: DFBPPR11146 ---- Animal proteins ---- Formin Source.221: DFBPPR11149 ---- Animal proteins ---- V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A Source.222: DFBPPR11236 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein transport protein Sec23A Source.223: DFBPPR11406 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 47 Source.224: DFBPPR11585 ---- Animal proteins ---- Acyl-CoA-binding domain-containing protein 5 Source.225: DFBPPR11835 ---- Animal proteins ---- Mitochondria-eating protein Source.226: DFBPPR11857 ---- Animal proteins ---- Ufm1-specific protease 2 Source.227: DFBPPR11899 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein ILRUN Source.228: DFBPPR11958 ---- Animal proteins ---- Homeobox protein engrailed-1 Source.229: DFBPPR11977 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cleft lip and palate transmembrane protein 1-like protein Source.230: DFBPPR12019 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cobalamin trafficking protein CblD Source.231: DFBPPR12079 ---- Animal proteins ---- Transcription factor SPT20 homolog Source.232: DFBPPR12092 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein MMS22-like Source.233: DFBPPR12243 ---- Animal proteins ---- Glycosyltransferase-like domain-containing protein 1 Source.234: DFBPPR12311 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Source.235: DFBPPR12326 ---- Animal proteins ---- Phosphatidylcholine-sterol acyltransferase Source.236: DFBPPR12365 ---- Animal proteins ---- Sucrase-isomaltase, intestinal Source.237: DFBPPR12373 ---- Animal proteins ---- Phospholipase B1, membrane-associated Source.238: DFBPPR12459 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cytochrome P450 4A6 Source.239: DFBPPR12466 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cytochrome P450 4A7 Source.240: DFBPPR12606 ---- Animal proteins ---- Cytochrome P450 4A5 Source.241: DFBPPR12653 ---- Animal proteins ---- Alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein Source.242: DFBPPR12743 ---- Animal proteins ---- Katanin p60 ATPase-containing subunit A-like 1 Source.243: DFBPPR12773 ---- Animal proteins ---- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator Source.244: DFBPPR12842 ---- Animal proteins ---- Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2 Source.245: DFBPPR12895 ---- Animal proteins ---- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B16 Source.246: DFBPPR12896 ---- Animal proteins ---- T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80 Source.247: DFBPPR12902 ---- Animal proteins ---- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B14 Source.248: DFBPPR12904 ---- Animal proteins ---- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B13 Source.249: DFBPPR12937 ---- Animal proteins ---- Zonadhesin Source.250: DFBPPR13282 ---- Animal proteins ---- Dual specificity phosphatase 29 Source.251: DFBPPR13335 ---- Animal proteins ---- Interleukin-7 receptor subunit alpha Source.252: DFBPPR13369 ---- Animal proteins ---- Inactive ribonuclease-like protein 10 Source.253: DFBPPR13546 ---- Animal proteins ---- Platelet-derived growth factor subunit B Source.254: DFBPPR13757 ---- Animal proteins ---- Prostaglandin E2 omega-hydroxylase CYP4F21 Source.255: DFBPPR13766 ---- Animal proteins ---- Alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein Source.256: DFBPPR13950 ---- Animal proteins ---- Protein TOPAZ1 Source.257: DFBPPR14076 ---- Marine protein ---- Lys-63-specific deubiquitinase BRCC36 Source.258: DFBPPR14331 ---- Marine protein ---- Photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A1 Source.259: DFBPPR14339 ---- Marine protein ---- Light-independent protochlorophyllide reductase iron-sulfur ATP-binding protein Source.260: DFBPPR14539 ---- Marine protein ---- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator Source.261: DFBPPR14555 ---- Marine protein ---- Vitellogenin Source.262: DFBPPR14564 ---- Marine protein ---- Piwi-like protein 2 Source.263: DFBPPR15029 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Dol-P-Glc:Glc(2)Man(9)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol alpha-1,2-glucosyltransferase Source.264: DFBPPR15122 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase Source.265: DFBPPR15341 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3 Source.266: DFBPPR15581 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Maintenance of telomere capping protein 6 Source.267: DFBPPR15592 ---- Microorganism protein ---- UDP-galactose transporter homolog 1 Source.268: DFBPPR15600 ---- Microorganism protein ---- SVP1-like protein 2 Source.269: DFBPPR15680 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Protein SYM1 Source.270: DFBPPR15724 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Altered inheritance of mitochondria protein 9, mitochondrial Source.271: DFBPPR15764 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Oxidant-induced cell-cycle arrest protein 5 Source.272: DFBPPR15862 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Cellulose-growth-specific protein Source.273: DFBPPR15884 ---- Microorganism protein ---- Putative serine protease Source.274: DFBPPR7772 ---- Plant protein ---- Photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A1 Source.275: DFBPPR7787 ---- Plant protein ---- Fatty acid desaturase DES3 Source.276: DFBPPR7855 ---- Plant protein ---- Probable fatty acid desaturase DES1 Source.277: DFBPPR7914 ---- Plant protein ---- CASP-like protein 1U2 Source.278: DFBPPR7948 ---- Plant protein ---- Probable sucrose-phosphate synthase Source.279: DFBPPR7964 ---- Plant protein ---- Sucrose synthase Source.280: DFBPPR7992 ---- Plant protein ---- Photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A1 Source.281: DFBPPR8044 ---- Plant protein ---- Photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A1 Source.282: DFBPPR8221 ---- Plant protein ---- sn-2 acyl-lipid omega-3 desaturase (ferredoxin), chloroplastic Source.283: DFBPPR8224 ---- Plant protein ---- Photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A1 Source.284: DFBPPR8238 ---- Plant protein ---- Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain, chloroplastic
Link-research Inductive analysis	There are no literature reports on the discovery of this sequence in other food-source proteins.

Biological/Functional activity & target protein

ACE-inhibitory activity	The peptide exhibited strong Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 4.5 uM,, and its ACE inhibitory pattern was shown by Lineweaver–Burk plots to be a competitive inhibition pattern (K_i = 4.53 nM).
Specific target protein(s)	Specific Target Protein(s): Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Taste properties & Structure

Bitterness

Literature report	N.D
Bitter prediction tools	Bitter taste ^prediction

SMILES

N[C@@]([H])(C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@]([H])(CC(=CN2)C1=C2C=CC=C1)C(=O)N1[C@@]([H])(CCC1)C(=O)O

Preparation method

Mode of preparation	Enzymatic hydrolysis
Enzyme(s)/starter culture	The rice protein solution (7.5%, w/w) was preincubated at 55 °C for 5 min, and the hydrolysis was performed using Alcalase at a level of 48 AU/kg protein at a constant temperature of 55°C and pH 9.

Stability & Cytotoxicity

Peptide stability

Literature report:

The peptide was stability against ACE and gastrointestinal proteases of pepsin and chymotrypsin.

Table 1. Chromatography peak areas of the VWP before and after treatment by ACE and pepsin and chymotrypsin.
Treatment	IC₅₀ values (mg/ml)^a
Without ACE	0.0018 ± 0.0003
With ACE	0.0020 ± 0.0004
Inactivated pepsin	0.0020 ± 0.0002
Pepsin	0.0021 ± 0.0002
Inactivated chymotrypsin	0.0019 ± 0.0004
Chymotrypsin	0.0023 ± 0.0003
Sequential steps of inactivated pepsin and chymotrypsin	0.0018 ± 0.0005
Sequential steps of pepsin and chymotrypsin	0.0024 ± 0.0002
^a IC₅₀ value was defined as the concentration of inhibitor required to inhibit 50% of the ACE activity. All data are means and S.D. of triplicate measurements.

EHP-Tool:

Enzymatic Hydrolysis Prediction Tool (EHP-Tool)

Peptide cytotoxicity

Literature report:	N.D
Prediction:	ToxinPred

Additional information

The identified unique characterization of VWP may enable the application of rice protein hydrolysate as functional foods or pharmaceuticals against hypertension.

Database cross-references

DFBP

[D1]	DFBPANHY0958
[D2]	DFBPMUFU0502

[D3]

[D4]

[D5]

[D6]

Reference(s)

Primary literature	Chen, J., Liu, S., Ye, R., Cai, G., Ji, B., Wu, Y. Angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory tripeptides from rice protein hydrolysate: Purification and characterization. Journal of Functional Foods. 2013, 5, 1684-92. DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.07.013
Other literature(s)	N.D
PubDate	2013